La bipartición de la potestad eclesiástica en su perspectiva histórica

Abstract

Summarium Hoc in opere Professor Stickler serie studiorum jam publici iuris factorum nititur ut aliquas formas concretas ostendat quibus historice potestas eclesiástica apparuit. Concilium Vaticanum II quaestionem definitive non solvit; immo data historica sufficientia adsunt ad asserendum quod sic dicta potestas jurisdictionis ut distincta a potestate crdinis et non ab ea derivata considerabatur. Bipartitio potestatis ecclesiasticae (ordinis et jurisdictionis) aderat. Quae affirmatio an':llysi demonstratur quam ipse circa officium papale, ep!scopale, archidiaconi , etc. facit. Etiamsi quaedam pars doctrinae recenter thesim contrariam asseruisset et aceptasset, nihilominus conscientia talis distinctior:is ciare antecedens saeculo XII esto Solutionem themati datam a Decreto Gratiani et eius interpretibus necnon a reliqua scientia canonica exponit, semper prae occulis potestatem primatialem habens. Conclusio auctoris clara est: essentia primatus, secundum canonisticam classicam, in potestate regendi et non in aliqua IJotestate ordinis distincta a potestate episcoporum consistit. Exinde deducitur differentia inter potestatem ordinis et jurisdictionis. In fine -post considerationes circa alia multa conexa cum hoc themate- modum determinat quo in Codice luris Canonici pondus doctrinae praecedentis relate ad configurationem potestatis ecclesiasticae repercutit; problemata theologica subsistentia necnon officium historici in hac materia indicat.------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract Basing himself in a series of already published articles, Prof. Stickler underlines so me concrete forms in which, historically, the ecclesiastical power has been manifested. He considers that the Second Vatican Council has not solved definitively the question, and that there exists sufficient historical data to be able to affirm that the socalled power of jurisdiction has been understood as being distinct from that of order, and furthermore not predispcseci by the latter. There existed a bipartition of ecclesiastical power (order and jurisdiction). Such an affirmation is demonstrated by means of the analysis which Stickle' makes concerning the papal office, the episcopal offlce, the office of the archdeacon, etc. The awareness of such a distinction is clearly anterior to the Twelfth Century, contrary to what has been affirmed and accepted recently by a certain doctrinal sector. Stickler expounds upon the solutlon given to the question by the Decree of Graciano and his commentators, as well as by the rest of the Canonical Science, and he focuses his attention upon primatial power. His conclusion is clear: the essence of the primate, according to classic canonistics, resides in the power of government and not in a power of orden distinct from that of the bishops. From this he deduces the difference between power of order and of jurisdiction. Lastly, after reflecting upon many other points of connection with the theme at hand, Stickler Studies how the weight of the preceding doctrine in relation with the configuration of the ecclesiastical power was reflected in the Codex. He also studies the remaining theological problems, as well as the function of the historian in this matter.