Osteoporosis: ¿Diagnóstico o signo de sospecha?

Abstract

Objetivo: Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente varón de 52 años que acude a consulta de Neurología por referir en los últimos meses deterioro progresivo del estado general con deterioro cognitivo, espe- cialmente de memoria y funciones ejecutivas, debilidad proximal en las cuatro extremidades, dolor en zona lumbar y disminución de 10 cm de talla. Se realizó una densitometría ósea siendo diagnosticado de osteoporosis precoz. Resultados/conclusión: En la analítica se objetivó aumento del cortisol libre en orina (1725 g/24h), con ACTH detectable (89 pg/ml) compati- ble con síndrome de Cushing ACTH-dependiente. Se realizaron pruebas para diferenciar un posible origen hipofi sario o ectópico realizándose un cateterismo de senos petrosos (CSPI) dado que se trata de la prueba con mayor sensibilidad demostrada. INGLÉS: We present the case of a fifty-year-old male who presented at the Neurology Service. During the previous months he had noticed progressive cognitive deterioration, and particularly a loss of memory and executive abilities, as well as proximal weakness of the four limbs and lumbar tenderness. He had lost ten centimetres of height. A bone densitometry was performed, which showed early osteoporosis.

RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The laboratory results showed an increase in urine cortisol excretion (1725 g/24h), with detectable plasma ACTH concentration (89 pg/ml), suggesting ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, Additional tests were run in order to determine a hypothalamic or ectopic location of the syndrome. To this end, a bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sample (BIPSS) was performed for ACTH determination. BIPSS is the test that has been proven to have the best sensitivity to achieve differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome