REV - Communication & Society - Volumen 30, N. 1 (2017)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10171/42838
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- Toril AALBERG, Frank ESSER, Carsten REINEMANN, Jesper STROMBACK y Claes DE VREESE. Populist Political Communication in Europe. Routledge, 2016, 402 pp.(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Motta-Nicolicchia, A. G. (Alejandro-G.)
- Youth and Political Participation: #YoSoy132 and the Struggle for Freedom of Expression in Mexico(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Meneses-Rocha, M. E. (María Elena); Ortega-Gutiérrez, E. (Enedina); Urbina-Cortés, G. (Gustavo)The mobilization of the student movement #YoSoy132 inspired new political and civic participation among young students in the urban context of Mexico City. This study explores the habits and perspectives around political participation, freedom of expression, and the use of social networks among these university students. Based on survey data from two samples, we contrast the relationship between online and offline political practices during the birth of #YoSoy132. For the first sample, we administered a questionnaire to college students who took part in a public demonstration organized by the #YoSoy132 movement just one week before the 2012 Mexican federal election. We collected the second sample via social media online, with a focus on college students from different universities across Mexico City. We compare the similarities and differences across youth participation via the samples In Situ and Online groups. We demonstrate that digital penetration and the presence of a convergent culture are important elements that favor hybrid political and civil participation. Our findings allow us to infer, at least from our samples of college students, that social networks are gaining unprecedented importance in the formation of youth imaginaries when a strong correlation between online and offline practices exists. In the face of widespread accusations of the corruption of mass media in Mexico and systemic threats to freedom of expression, social networks provided an alternative and trustworthy route for expression, dialogue, and mobilization.
- Paratextual Activity: Updating the Genettian approach within the transmedia turn(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Rodríguez-Ferrándiz, R. (Raúl)Fictional transmedia universes have been the objects of communication research throughout the last ten years. There has been such a proliferation of these universes that it can be argued that a ‘transmedia turn’ has occurred in research on the narratives of the early 21st century. This has generated interest in avant la lettre transmedia universes, i.e., not only those universes created after The Matrix and The Blair Witch Project, but even those created after The Wizard of Oz and The Lone Ranger. In parallel, the phenomenon has shed new light on the theoretical bases of transmediality. This article argues that this transmedia turn has been the cause of the revitalization of the Genettian concept of paratext, an intertextual modality found in the fuzzy threshold that exists between the diegetic and non-diegetic worlds, between products and by-products, between monomedia and transmedia, between ownership and creative freedom, and between content and promotional material. This article describes and compares the modulations suffered by paratextuality through the authors who have resumed and extended the reach of the Genettian term, and illustrates them with examples taken from official paratexts of recent transmedia fictional franchises.
- Infographics as a Mnemonic structure: Analysis of the informative and identity components of infographic online compositions in Iberic newspapers(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) López, M. (Miguel); Nogueira, A.G. (Ana Gabriela)Infographics as a transdisciplinary component that permits to objectify depth that amplifies and potentiates time and space, is the proper structure for the reading characteristics of Net Generation and outputs the dynamic skills of visual intelligence, creating mnemonic frameworks. This article analyses the use of its Informative content, and its appliance to the qualities of Online Information (accurate, timely, complete and concise), its components of Identity (periodicity, animation, stateness, interactivity, image, multimedia and typology) and its Informative components (structure, clarity, content and readability) through revision, over two weeks (2014 and 2015), of the six daily general online newspapers of Iberian Peninsula that, according to the Asociación para la Investigación de Medios de Comunicación and Marktest, have more views: El País, 20minutos, Público, Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias and Diário de Notícias. Is also registered in this analysis, the vision of content producers through a survey of members of the Infographic Society (the only professional association of this particular profession established in the Iberian environment) and the results of the study are contrasted with an in-depth interview with structured questionnaire relating to four global infographic designers working for The Guardian, The Times and National Geographic. Although the results reflect a low Multimediality and Interactivity, the analysis finds that there is a sensory and affective effort Permanence and Narrative in the mnemonic meshing of skills in Journalistic Online Infographics limited by a poor Visibility of the Infographic compound given by the media, either by failure of Production, of Continuity, Informative, of Usability and/or integration.
- Public Policies, Diversity and National Cinemas in the Spanish context: Catalonia, Basque Country and Galicia(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Soliña-Barreiro, M. (María); Manias-Muñoz, M. (Miren); Rodríguez-Vázquez, A. I. (Ana-Isabel)The 2005 Unesco Diversity Convention was an inflexion point regarding protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions. In the current global context, developing cultural policies and measures to nurture such creativity becomes key issue. Moreover, in the case of small communities in a minority situation where the cultural and language situation cannot produce the means to sustain autonomously, it is crucial to drive national supporting mechanisms to reduce the brutal imbalance in flows and transnational culture exchanges, and guarantee its survival. As part of the cultural production, the audiovisual sector is of double importance; besides its positive impact on the economic sphere it plays a core role in the social construction. In fact, they are both mutually reinforcing aspects. Cinema in particular, it should not be well considered only for a local giving; it is also beneficial in terms of brining commonly held values, particular circumstances and knowledge all over the world. Films do contribute to reflect the global cultural diversity. This paper aims to explain how public cultural bodies currently interpret and translate national cultural policy into film schemes in the Spanish context. Particularly, it will look into how Catalan, Basque and Galician institutions set out to plan, develop, implement and evaluate their film policies in order to establish a national film industry with their cultural and identity specificities (nation and language).
- The Representation of Physical Functional Diversity in the Spanish Press(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) González-Luna, B. (Borja); Iáñez-Domínguez, A. (Antonio)This article presents the results of research into the treatment of physical functional diversity in the Spanish press. The research has involved the analysis of news items referring to functional diversity in two high-circulation newspapers in Spain (ABC and El País) between 1978 and 2012. The results show that the number of news items on functional diversity has risen over this period, with an evolution in the terminology and approach to the information. The creation of communication departments in some of the organizations in the sector, the production of style guides and/or norms and the recommendations of international organizations may have encouraged these changes. Even so, news items still appear in which the news is the functional diversity in itself, which does not help to deconstruct the stereotyped image that has accompanied this group for many years.
- Propuesta metodológica para la evaluación de la calidad deontológica de las noticias sobre violencias contra las mujeres(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) García-Gordillo, M. (Mar); Zurbano-Berenguer, B. (Belén)La producción académica sobre el tratamiento periodístico de la violencia contra las mujeres en España ha aumentado de forma importante durante las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, a pesar de las variadas recomendaciones sobre cómo abordar desde la ética y la responsabilidad este reto informativo, no existe aún una herramienta que compile y clarifique los criterios deontológicos y ayude a la labor periodística en la redacción de estas noticias. Partiendo del conocido como periodismo de calidad, en este trabajo se ha realizado un estudio sobre los diferentes documentos deontológicos existentes a partir de los cuales se propone una herramienta analítica para evaluar la calidad de las noticias sobre las violencias que sufren las mujeres. La potencialidad de esta herramienta radica, entre otras cuestiones, en la capacidad para evaluar tanto previa como posteriormente la adecuación ética de las noticias a los consensos establecidos con el objetivo de contribuir a la mejora de la comunicación pública de este problema coadyuvando a su erradicación.
- Criticism in journalism as an accountability instrument: the opinion of Spanish journalists(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Mauri-De los Ríos, M. (Marcel); Rodríguez-Martínez, R. (Ruth); Fedele, M. (Maddalena)Criticism in journalism has become a core accountability instrument, especially in recent years, thanks to the Internet and Web 2.0 technology. This paper presents part of an international study of journalism ethics, focusing on Spanish journalists relationship with criticism. The paper analyzes how they express, receive and value criticism, comparing their opinions to those of journalists in the international sample. An online survey was administered to 123 Spanish journalists, from an international sample composed of 1762 professionals. Most Spanish journalists responded that they express criticism “occasionally” or “frequently”, as did their international colleagues. They especially do so through direct communication with colleagues (42.1%), even if with a lower frequency compared to the overall sample, or through online blog comments (38.8%), with a higher frequency compared to the rest of the participants. On the other hand, Spanish journalists claim to have received criticism from their supervisors (90%) and colleagues (86.6%), like the overall sample does. But they report having received a greater number of complaints than the overall sample from regulatory and self-regulatory bodies (e.g.: ombudsman 21.8%), from users/citizens (63.9%), and from the public though social media (52.9%). Finally, Spanish journalists consider the criticism they receive as less fair than does the overall sample, although they rate criticism from audience members as less unfair. The paper suggests that Spanish journalists do not employ peer criticism to the same degree as their international colleagues, but they do strongly associate the idea of transparency and accountability with their audience.
- Motivating news audiences: Shock them or provide them with solutions?(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Sobel, M. (Meghan); McIntyre, K. (Karen)Despite the well-established power of the media to shape public perceptions of social problems, compassion fatigue is believed to remain prevalent. So what does it take for someone to be compelled to act after reading a story or seeing an image of a prominent issue? This study, a 3-by-2 between subjects experiment, examined the effects of two journalistic techniques — shocking audiences into action with offensive stories or inspiring them to act with solution-based stories – in the context of sex trafficking. Results revealed that neither shock nor solutions stories led to increased empathy for trafficked individuals, greater understanding of the issue, increased desire to share the story or increased desire to act, but that readers of solutions stories felt more positive and were more likely to read similar stories about the issue. This suggests that solution-focused news stories might be at least somewhat more engaging than shocking and offensive stories.
- Estrategias de videomarketing online. Tipología por sectores de negocio(Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2017) Costa-Sánchez, C. (Carmen)La Web 2.0 representa el éxito del audiovisual. El consumo de vídeo online se mantiene al alza, en una tendencia que se augura continuará a corto y medio plazo. Los dispositivos móviles incrementan su consumo. Las marcas pueden emplear el vídeo para crear comunidad, generar afecto, informar, explicar, mostrar sus productos o servicios, captar clientes. El presente artículo analiza los principales contenidos de vídeo en Youtube de las marcas españolas integrantes del ranking Interbrand 2015. La revisión de la literatura científica ha permitido generar una propuesta de clasificación de contenidos que se pone a prueba y se actualiza por medio del presente estudio. Se han analizado un total de 900 vídeos difundidos por 30 marcas españolas pertenecientes a diferentes sectores de negocio. El artículo ha permitido detectar patrones de producción audiovisual diferenciados en función del sector y localiza el nacimiento de un nuevo tipo de contenido: el branded factual, término que se propone para denominar a aquellas historias reales, contadas por sus protagonistas y producidas por la marca. Las dos principales estrategias aplicadas a vídeo son de marketing o de relaciones públicas, en función del sector. Pero además, se concluye la existencia de una tendencia a la hibridación entre ambas líneas estratégicas que conviene continuar explorando.