Medina-Remon, A. (Alexander)
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- Effects of Polyphenol, measured by a biomarker of total polyphenols in urine, on cardiovascular risk factors After a long-term follow-up in the PREDIMED study(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016) Castañer, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Medina-Remon, A. (Alexander); Tresserra-Rimbau, A. (Anna); Guo, X. (Xiaohui); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Lamuela-Raventos, R.M. (Rosa Maria); Corella, D. (Dolores); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi)Several epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between the consumption of polyphenol-rich foods and risk of cardiovascular diseases.However, accuracy and reliability of these studiesmay be increased using urinary total polyphenol excretion (TPE) as a biomarker for total polyphenol intake. Our aim was to assess if antioxidant activity, measured by a Folin-Ciocalteu assay in urine, is correlated with an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure and serum glucose, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations) in an elderly population at high risk. A longitudinal study was performedwith573participants (aged67.3 ± 5.9) fromthe PREDIMED study (ISRCTN35739639).We used Folin-Ciocalteumethod to determine TPE in urine samples, assisting with solid phase extraction. Participants were categorized into three groups according to changes in TPE. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess relationships between TPE and clinical cardiovascular risk factors, adjusting for potential confounders. After a 5-year follow-up, significant inverse correlations were observed between changes in TPE and plasma triglyceride concentration (𝛽 = −8.563; 𝑃 = 0.007), glucose concentration (𝛽 = −4.164; 𝑃 = 0.036), and diastolic blood pressure (𝛽 = −1.316; 𝑃 = 0.013). Our results suggest that the consumption of more polyphenols, measured as TPE in urine, could exert a protective effect against some cardiovascular risk factors.
- Polyphenol Levels Are Inversely Correlated with Body Weight and Obesity in an Elderly Population after 5 Years of Follow Up (The Randomised PREDIMED Study)(2017) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Medina-Remon, A. (Alexander); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Puy, M. (María); Tresserra-Rimbau, A. (Anna); Guo, X. (Xiaohui); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Pi-Sunyer, X. (Xavier); Lamuela-Raventos, R.M. (Rosa Maria); Corella, D. (Dolores); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi)Overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing in recent years and currently represent a serious threat to public health. Few human studies have investigated the relationship between polyphenol intake and body weight. Our aim was to assess the relationship between urinary polyphenol levels and body weight. A cross-sectional study was performed with 573 participants from the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial (ISRCTN35739639). Total polyphenol levels were measured by a reliable biomarker, total urinary polyphenol excretion (TPE), determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method in urine samples. Participants were categorized into five groups according to their TPE at the fifth year. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between TPE and obesity parameters; body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). After a five years follow up, significant inverse correlations were observed between TPE at the 5th year and BW (β = −1.004; 95% CI: −1.634 to −0.375, p = 0.002), BMI (β = −0.320; 95% CI: −0.541 to −0.098, p = 0.005), WC (β = −0.742; 95% CI: −1.326 to −0.158, p = 0.013), and WHtR (β = −0.408; 95% CI: −0.788 to −0.028, p = 0.036) after adjustments for potential confounders. To conclude, a greater polyphenol intake may thus contribute to reducing body weight in elderly people at high cardiovascular risk. Nutrients 2017, 9, 452; doi:10.3390/nu9050452
- Polyphenol intake and mortality risk: a re-analysis of the PREDIMED trial(BioMed Central, 2014) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Medina-Remon, A. (Alexander); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Lopez-Sabater, M.C. (M. Carmen); Gomez-Gracia, E. (Enrique); Tresserra-Rimbau, A. (Anna); Lapetra, J. (José); Muñoz, M.A. (Miguel Angel); Ruiz-Gutierrez, V. (Valentina); Covas, M.I. (María Isabel); Ros, E. (Emilio); Rimm, E.B. (Eric B.); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Lamuela-Raventos, R.M. (Rosa Maria); Gea, A. (Alfredo); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Aros, F. (Fernando)Background: Polyphenols may lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their beneficial effects on blood pressure, lipids and insulin resistance. However, no previous epidemiological studies have evaluated the relationship between the intake of total polyphenols intake and polyphenol subclasses with overall mortality. Our aim was to evaluate whether polyphenol intake is associated with all-cause mortality in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: We used data from the PREDIMED study, a 7,447-participant, parallel-group, randomized, multicenter, controlled five-year feeding trial aimed at assessing the effects of the Mediterranean Diet in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Polyphenol intake was calculated by matching food consumption data from repeated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) with the Phenol-Explorer database on the polyphenol content of each reported food. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between polyphenol intake and mortality were estimated using time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Over an average of 4.8 years of follow-up, we observed 327 deaths. After multivariate adjustment, we found a 37% relative reduction in all-cause mortality comparing the highest versus the lowest quintiles of total polyphenol intake (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.63; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.97; P for trend = 0.12). Among the polyphenol subclasses, stilbenes and lignans were significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HR =0.48; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.91; P for trend = 0.04 and HR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.97; P for trend = 0.03, respectively), with no significant associations apparent in the rest (flavonoids or phenolic acids). Conclusions: Among high-risk subjects, those who reported a high polyphenol intake, especially of stilbenes and lignans, showed a reduced risk of overall mortality compared to those with lower intakes. These results may be useful to determine optimal polyphenol intake or specific food sources of polyphenols that may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality. Clinical trial registration: ISRCTN35739639.