Portoles, O. (Olga)

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    Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with physical activity and time in bed: cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic health in the PREDIMEDPlus study
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019) Fernandez-Garcia, J.C. (José C.); Castañer, O. (Olga); Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Micó-Pérez, R.M. (Rafael Manuel); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Riquelme-Gallego, B. (Blanca); Garcia-Rios, A. (Antonio); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Fiol, F. (Francisca); Konieczna, J. (Jadwiga); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Compañ-Gabucio, L. (Laura); Vaquero-Luna, J. (Jessica); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Barón-López, F.J. (F. Javier); Becerra-Tomas, N. (Nerea); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Varela-Mato, V. (Veronica); Benavente-Marín, J.C. (Juan Carlos); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Lapetra, J. (José); Matía-Martín, P. (Pilar); Papandreou, C. (Christopher); Schröder, H. (Helmut); Galmes-Panades, A.M. (Aina M.); Razquin, C. (Cristina); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Mira-Castejón, L.A. (Luis Alfredo); Perez-Vega, K.A. (Karla Alejandra); Tomaino, L. (Laura); Casas, R. (Rosa); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Diaz-Lopez, A. (Andres); Asensio, E.M. (Eva M.); Gaforio, J.J. (José Juan); Santos-Lozano, J.M. (José M.); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Abete, I. (Itziar); Mascaró, C.M. (Catalina M.); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Galera, A. (Ana); Garcia-Arellano, A. (Ana); Moreno-Rodríguez, A. (Anai)
    Background: This study explored the association between inactive time and measures of adiposity, clinical parameters, obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome components. It further examined the impact of reallocating inactive time to time in bed, light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardio-metabolic risk factors, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 2189 Caucasian men and women (age 55-75 years, BMI 27-40 Kg/m2) from the PREDIMED-Plus study (http://www.predimedplus.com/). All participants had ≥3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Inactive time, physical activity and time in bed were objectively determined using triaxial accelerometers GENEActiv during 7 days (ActivInsights Ltd., Kimbolton, United Kingdom). Multiple adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used. Isotemporal substitution regression modelling was performed to assess the relationship of replacing the amount of time spent in one activity for another, on each outcome, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Results: Inactive time was associated with indicators of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time to 30 min per day of time in bed was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (all p-values < 0.05). Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time with 30 min per day of LPA or MVPA was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral adipose tissue, HbA1c, glucose, triglycerides, and higher body muscle mass and HDL cholesterol (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: Inactive time was associated with a poor cardio-metabolic profile. Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with MVPA and LPA or time in bed could have beneficial impact on cardio-metabolic health.
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    Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk
    (MDPI AG, 2019) Babio, N. (Nancy); Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Eguaras, S. (Sonia); Sorto-Sánchez, C. (Carolina); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Tojal-Sierra, L. (Lucas); Martín-Sánchez, V. (Vicente); Konieczna, J. (Jadwiga); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Becerra-Tomas, N. (Nerea); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Barrubés, L. (Laura); Orozco-Beltrán, D. (Domingo); Lapetra, J. (José); Zomeño, M.D. (María Dolores); Matía-Martín, P. (Pilar); Bouzas, C. (Cristina); Schröder, H. (Helmut); López-Miranda, J. (José); Coltell, O. (Oscar); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Bibiloni, M.M. (Maria del Mar); Perez-Vega, K.A. (Karla Alejandra); Julibert, A. (Alicia); Casas, R. (Rosa); Carabaño-Moral, R. (Rosa); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); García-Molina, L. (Laura); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Gaforio, J.J. (José Juan); Martinez, A. (Alfredo); Ugarriza, L. (Lucía); Santos-Lozano, J.M. (José M.); Sanchez-Villegas, A. (Almudena); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Abete, I. (Itziar); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Torres-Collado, L. (Laura); Bernal-López, M.R. (María Rosa); Galera, A. (Ana); PREDIMED-PLUS Investigators
    Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.
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    Dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy among an older Spanish population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional analysis
    (MDPI, 2019) Buil, P. (Pilar); Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Muñoz-Garach, A. (Araceli); Riquelme-Gallego, B. (Blanca); Garcia-Rios, A. (Antonio); Fernandez-Carrion, R. (Rebeca); Gallardo-Alfaro, L. (Laura); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Konieczna, J. (Jadwiga); Palau-Galindo, A. (Antoni); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Moñino, M. (Manuel); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Lapetra, J. (José); Zomeño, M.D. (María Dolores); Bueno-Cavanillas, A. (Aurora); Muñoz, M.A. (Miguel Angel); Basora, J. (Josep); Delgado-Rodriguez, M. (Miguel); Miralles-Gisbert, S. (Salvador); Contreras-Fernandez, E. (Eugenio); Matia, P. (Pilar); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Notario-Barandiaran, L. (Leyre); Perez-Vega, K.A. (Karla Alejandra); Casas, R. (Rosa); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Diaz-Lopez, A. (Andres); Santos-Lozano, J.M. (José M.); Gea, A. (Alfredo); Sanchez-Villegas, A. (Almudena); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Abete, I. (Itziar); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Martin, V. (Vicente); Cano-Ibañez, N. (Naomi); Aros, F. (Fernando); Moreno-Rodríguez, A. (Anai)
    Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a varied diet to provide an adequate nutrient intake. However, an older age is often associated with consumption of monotonous diets that can be nutritionally inadequate, increasing the risk for the development or progression of diet-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess the association between dietary diversity (DD) and nutrient intake adequacy and to identify demographic variables associated with DD, we cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial: 6587 Spanish adults aged 55–75 years, with overweight/obesity who also had MetS. An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a 143-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the dietary reference intake (DRI) forat least four of 17 nutrients proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between DDS and the risk of nutritionally inadequate intakes. In the higher DDS quartile there were more women and less current smokers. Compared with subjects in the highest DDS quartile, those in the lowest DDS quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake: odds ratio (OR) = 28.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.80–39.21). When we estimated food varietyfor each of the food groups, participants in the lowest quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake for the groups of vegetables, OR = 14.03 (95% CI 10.55–18.65), fruits OR = 11.62 (95% CI 6.81–19.81), dairy products OR = 6.54 (95% CI 4.64–9.22) and protein foods OR = 6.60 (95% CI 1.96–22.24). As DDS decreased, the risk of inadequate nutrients intake rose. Given the impact of nutrient intake adequacy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, health policies should focus on the promotion of a healthy varied diet, specifically promoting the intake of vegetables and fruit among population groups with lower DDS such as men, smokers or widow(er)s. View Full-Text
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    Polymorphism of the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) interacts with obesity on type-2 diabetes in the PREDIMED study emphasizing the heterogeneity of genetic variants in type-2 diabetes risk prediction: time for obesity-specific genetic risk scores
    (MDPI, 2016) Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Quiles, L. (Laura); Diez-Espino, J. (Javier); Gomez-Gracia, E. (Enrique); Ordovas, J.M. (Jose Maria); Basora, J. (Josep); Coltell, O. (Oscar); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ortega-Calvo, M. (Manuel); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Sorli, J.V. (Jose V.)
    Nutrigenetic studies analyzing gene–diet interactions of the TCF7L2-rs7903146 C > T polymorphism on type-2 diabetes (T2D) have shown controversial results. A reason contributing to this may be the additional modulation by obesity. Moreover, TCF7L2-rs7903146 is one of the most influential variants in T2D-genetic risk scores (GRS). Therefore, to increase the predictive value (PV) of GRS it is necessary to first see whether the included polymorphisms have heterogeneous effects. We comprehensively investigated gene-obesity interactions between the TCF7L2-rs7903146 C > T polymorphism on T2D (prevalence and incidence) and analyzed other T2D-polymorphisms in a sub-sample. We studied 7018 PREDIMED participants at baseline and longitudinally (8.7 years maximum follow-up). Obesity significantly interacted with the TCF7L2-rs7903146 on T2D prevalence, associations being greater in non-obese subjects. Accordingly, we prospectively observed in non-T2D subjects (n = 3607) that its association with T2D incidence was stronger in non-obese (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.13–2.92, p = 0.013 for TT versus CC) than in obese subjects (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.61–1.66; p = 0.979; p-interaction = 0.048). Accordingly, TCF7L2-PV was higher in non-obese subjects. Additionally, we created obesity-specific GRS with ten T2D-polymorphisms and demonstrated for the first time their higher strata-specific PV. In conclusion, we provide strong evidence supporting the need for considering obesity when analyzing the TCF7L2 effects and propose the use of obesity-specific GRS for T2D.
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    American heart association's life simple 7 and the risk of atrial fibrillation in the PREDIMED study cohort
    (Elsevier, 2023) Babio, N. (Nancy); Castañer, O. (Olga); Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Diaz-Gutierrez, J. (Jesús); Gomez-Gracia, E. (Enrique); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Lapetra, J. (José); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Alonso, A. (Alvaro); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Sorli, J.V. (Jose V.); Aros, F. (Fernando)
    Background and aims The American Heart Association proposed 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics (Life's Simple 7 [LS7]) namely, not smoking, body mass index <25 kg/m2, healthy diet, moderate physical activity ≥150 min/week, total blood cholesterol <200 mg/dL, blood pressure <120/80 mmHg and fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL. Our objective was to assess the association between these LS7 metrics and the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results A total of 6,479 participants of the PREDIMED study were included. We calculated the participants’ baseline LS7 index ranging 0–7 points to categorize them according to their adherence to these LS7 health metrics. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate Hazard Ratios (HR) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, we identified 250 incident cases of AF. After adjusting for potential confounders, adherence to LS7 index was not associated with the incidence of AF (adjusted HR 0.90 [95% CI: 0.56–1.45] for highest vs. lowest LS7 categories). Body mass index <25 kg/m2 was the only health metric individually associated with a lower risk of AF (HR 0.36 [95% CI: 0.16–0.78]). Conclusions In a high cardiovascular risk Spanish population, adherence to American Heart Association's LS7 metrics was not associated with the risk of incident AF.
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    Mediterranean Diet Decreases the Initiation of Use of Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Inhibitors and Their Associated Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    (2020) Babio, N. (Nancy); Hernáez, Á. (Álvaro); Castañer, O. (Olga); Portoles, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Ribó-Coll, M. (Margarita); Cofán, M. (Montserrat); Lassale, C. (Camille); Gomez-Gracia, E. (Enrique); Tresserra-Rimbau, A. (Anna); Sacanella, E. (Emilio); Lapetra, J. (José); Castro-Barquero, S. (Sara); Ros, E. (Emilio); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Basterra-Gortari, F.J. (Francisco Javier); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Sorli, J.V. (Jose V.)
    Our aim is to assess whether following a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) decreases the risk of initiating antithrombotic therapies and the cardiovascular risk associated with its use in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk. We evaluate whether participants of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study allocated to a MedDiet enriched in extra-virgin olive oil or nuts (versus a low-fat control intervention) disclose differences in the risk of initiation of: (1) vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibitors (acenocumarol/warfarin; n = 6772); (2) acetylsalicylic acid as antiplatelet agent (n = 5662); and (3) other antiplatelet drugs (cilostazol/clopidogrel/dipyridamole/ditazol/ticlopidine/triflusal; n = 6768). We also assess whether MedDiet modifies the association between the antithrombotic drug baseline use and incident cardiovascular events. The MedDiet intervention enriched with extra-virgin olive oil decreased the risk of initiating the use of vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibitors relative to control diet (HR: 0.68 [0.46–0.998]). Their use was also more strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in participants not allocated to MedDiet interventions (HRcontrol diet: 4.22 [1.92–9.30], HRMedDiets: 1.71 [0.83–3.52], p-interaction = 0.052). In conclusion, in an older population at high cardiovascular risk, following a MedDiet decreases the initiation of antithrombotic therapies and the risk of suffering major cardiovascular events among users of vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibitors.