Diaz-Llopis, M. (Manuel)

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    Do nutritional supplements have a role in age macular degeneration prevention?
    (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Salas, A. (Anna); Diaz-Llopis, M. (Manuel); Gomez-Ulla, F. (Francisco); Arias, L. (Luis); Lopez-Galvez, M.I. (María Isabel); Garcia-Medina, J.J. (José Javier); Araiz, J. (Javier); Garcia-Layana, A. (Alfredo); Zapata, M. (Miguel); Gallego-Pinazo, R. (Roberto); Pinazo-Duran, M.D. (M. Dolores); Casaroli-Marano, R. (Ricardo); Manzanas, L. (Lucía)
    Purpose. To review the proposed pathogenic mechanisms of age macular degeneration (AMD), as well as the role of antioxidants (AOX) and omega-3 fatty acids ( ω -3) supplements in AMD prevention. Materials and Methods. Current knowledge on the cellular/molecular mechanisms of AMD and the epidemiologic/experimental studies on the effects of AOX and ω -3 were addressed all together with the scientific evidence and the personal opinion of professionals involved in the Retina Group of the OFTARED (Spain). Results. High dietary intakes of ω -3 and macular pigments lutein/zeaxanthin are associated with lower risk of prevalence and incidence in AMD. The Age-Related Eye Disease study (AREDS) showed a beneficial effect of high doses of vitamins C, E, beta-carotene, and zinc/copper in reducing the rate of progression to advanced AMD in patients with intermediate AMD or with one-sided late AMD. The AREDS-2 study has shown that lutein and zeaxanthin may substitute beta-carotene because of its potential relationship with increased lung cancer incidence. Conclusion. Research has proved that elder people with poor diets, especially with low AOX and ω -3 micronutrients intake and subsequently having low plasmatic levels, are more prone to developing AMD. Micronutrient supplementation enhances antioxidant defense and healthy eyes and might prevent/retard/modify AMD.
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    Smoking and age-related macular degeneration: review and update
    (Hindawi, 2013) Diaz-Llopis, M. (Manuel); Gomez-Ulla, F. (Francisco); Dolz-Marco, R. (Rosa); Garcia-Medina, J.J. (José Javier); Arevalo, J.F. (J. Fernando); Pons-Vazquez, S. (Sheila); Velilla, S. (Sara); Garcia-Layana, A. (Alfredo); Gallego-Pinazo, R. (Roberto); Pinazo-Duran, M.D. (M. Dolores)
    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the main socioeconomical health issues worldwide. AMD has a multifactorial etiology with a variety of risk factors. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for AMD development and progression. The present review summarizes the epidemiological studies evaluating the association between smoking and AMD, the mechanisms through which smoking induces damage to the chorioretinal tissues, and the relevance of advising patients to quit smoking for their visual health.