Peralta, J.P. (Juan Pablo)
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- Experimental proof of faster-is-slower in systems of frictional particles flowing through constrictions(2015) Pugnaloni, L.A. (Luis A.); Parisi, D.R. (D. R.); Zuriguel-Ballaz, Í. (Íker); Peralta, J.P. (Juan Pablo); Martín-Gómez, C. (César); Pastor-Gutierrez, J.M. (José Martín); Ferrer, L.M. (Luis Miguel); Maza-Ozcoidi, D. (Diego); Garcimartín-Montero, Á. (Ángel); Gago, P.A. (Paula A.)The “faster-is-slower” (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [D. Helbing, I. J. Farkas, and T. Vicsek, Nature (London) 407, 487 (2000)]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals’ vigor in the attempt to exit causes a decrease in the flow rate. In general, this effect is identified by the appearance of a minimum when plotting the total evacuation time of a crowd as a function of the pedestrian desired velocity. Here, we experimentally show that the FIS effect indeed occurs in three different systems of discrete particles flowing through a constriction: (a) humans evacuating a room, (b) a herd of sheep entering a barn, and (c) grains flowing out a 2D hopper over a vibrated incline. This finding suggests that FIS is a universal phenomenon for active matter passing through a narrowing.
- Clogging transition of many-particle systems flowing through bottlenecks(2014) Clement, E. (E.); Pugnaloni, L.A. (Luis A.); Parisi, D.R. (D. R.); Pagonabarraga, I. (Ignacio); Zuriguel-Ballaz, Í. (Íker); Peralta, J.P. (Juan Pablo); Cruz-Hidalgo, R. (Raúl); Ferrer, L.M. (Luis Miguel); Lozano, C. (Celia); Maza-Ozcoidi, D. (Diego); Janda, A. (Álvaro); Garcimartín-Montero, Á. (Ángel); Gago, P.A. (Paula A.)