López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco)
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- Television watching during meals is associated with higher ultra-processed food consumption and higher free sugar intake in childhood(John Wiley & Sons, 2024) López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco); Martin-Calvo, N. (Nerea); Usechi, A. (Ane); Felipe-Gómez, S. (Santiago); Fabios, E. (Elise)Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases and mortality in adults. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between mealtime television (TV) watching and UPF consumption in childhood. Materials and methods: Participants in the SENDO project recruited in 2015-2023 were classified into three categories based on the frequency at which they watched TV during meals. Dietary information was collected with a validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Generalized mixed models were used to compare mean UPF consumption between groups after accounting for the main confounders. The predictive margins of participants who had a free sugar intake >10% of their energy intake in each category were also calculated. Results: Totally 970 subjects (482 girls) with a mean age of 5.00 years (SD = 0.85) were studied. Children who watched TV during meals ≥4 times/week consumed a mean of 4.67% more energy from UPF than those who watch TV <3 times/month. The adjusted proportions of children who had a free sugar intake >10% of their energy intake in the categories of <3 times/month, 1-3 times/week and ≥4 times/week exposure to TV during meals were 44.9%, 45.9% and 58.7%, respectively. Conclusion: TV watching during meals is associated with higher consumption of UPFs and a higher risk of exceeding 10% of TEI in free sugar intake in childhood.
- A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of the Archena Infancia Saludable Project on 24-h Movement Behaviors and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Schoolchildren: a Pilot Study Protocol(2023) Moreno-Galarraga, L. (Laura); García-Hermoso, A. (Antonio); López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco); Eumann-Mesas, A. (Arthur); Brazo-Sayavera, J. (Javier); Panisello-Royo, J.M. (Josefa María); Smith, L. (Lee); Ezzatvar, Y. (Yasmin); Kales, S.N. (Stefanos N.); Alcaraz, P.E. (Pedro Emilio); Gallego, A. (Alejandra); Fernandez-Montero, A. (Alejandro); Gutiérrez-Espinoza, H. (Héctor); López-Benavente, A. (Alba); Tarraga-López, P.J. (Pedro J.); Victoria-Montesinos, D. (Desirée); Jiménez-López, E. (Estela); Chen, S. (Sitong); Sánchez-Miguel, P.A. (Pedro Antonio); Hershey-de-la-Cruz, M.S. (María Soledad)Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol of pilot cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will evaluate the effects of a lifestyle-based intervention. The Archena Infancia Saludable project will have several objectives. The primary objective of this project is to determine the 6-month effects of a lifestyle-based intervention on adherence to 24-h movement behaviors and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in schoolchildren. The secondary objective of this project is to test the intervention effects of this lifestyle-based intervention on a relevant set of health-related outcomes (i.e., anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, perceived physical fitness, sleep habits, and academic performance). The tertiary objective is to investigate this intervention's halo effect on parents'/guardians' 24-h movement behaviors and adherence to the MedDiet. Methods: The Archena Infancia Saludable trial will be a cluster RCT submitted to the Clinical Trials Registry. The protocol will be developed according to SPIRIT guidelines for RCTs and CONSORT statement extension for cluster RCTs. A total of 153 eligible parents/guardians with schoolchildren aged 6-13 years will be randomized into an intervention group or a control group. This project focuses on two fundamental pillars: 24-h movement behaviors and MedDiet. It will mainly focus on the relationship between parents/guardians and their children. Behavior change strategies for dietary and 24-h movement behaviors in schoolchildren will be based on healthy lifestyle education for parents/guardians through infographics, video recipes, brief video clips, and videos. Conclusions: Most of the current knowledge on 24-h movement behaviors and adherence to the MedDiet is based on cross-sectional or longitudinal cohort studies, warranting a need to design and conduct RCTs to obtain more robust evidence on the effect of a healthy lifestyle program to increase 24-h movement behaviors and to improve adherence to the MedDiet in schoolchildren.
- ACE-Vitamin Index and Risk of Glaucoma: the SUN Project(2022) Moreno-Galarraga, L. (Laura); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco); Moreno-Montañes, J. (Javier); Kales, S.N. (Stefanos N.); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Fernandez-Montero, A. (Alejandro); Gándara-Rodríguez-de-Campoamor, E. (Elsa); Hershey-de-la-Cruz, M.S. (María Soledad)Background: Previous studies regarding antioxidant consumption and glaucoma have shown contradictory results. The aim of this study was to analyze the combined effect of the consumption of three vitamins (A, C and E) on the incidence of glaucoma in the SUN Project. Methods: For this study, 18,669 participants were included. The mean follow-up was 11.5 years. An index including vitamins A, C and E (ACE-Vitamin Index) was calculated. Vitamin intake was extracted from participants' dietary data and vitamin supplements, if taken. Information on glaucoma incidence was collected by previously validated self-reported questionnaires. The association between glaucoma and vitamin intake was assessed by repeated-measures Cox regression using multi-adjusted hazard ratios. Results: A total of 251 (1.3%) cases of glaucoma were detected. Participants with a higher ACE-Vitamin Index presented a reduced risk of glaucoma compared to participants with lower consumption (adjusted HR = 0.73; 95% CI, (0.55-0.98)). When each vitamin was analyzed individually, none of them had a significant protective effect. The protective effect of the ACE-Vitamin Index was higher in men and older participants (>= 55 year). Conclusions: The consumption of vitamins A, C and E considered separately do not seem to exert a protective effect against glaucoma, but when these vitamins are considered together, they are associated with a lower risk of glaucoma.
- Meeting the 24‐h movement recommendations and its relationship with Mediterranean dietary patterns in early childhood: the SENDO project(Springer, 2024) López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco); Martín‐Calvo, N. (Nerea); Fabios, E. (Elise)The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to assess the association between meeting all three 24-h movement recommendations and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in early childhood and (2) to examine whether participants who meet all three 24-h movement recommendations have greater adherence to the individual MedDiet foods/components than those who do not meet these recommendations. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 822 participants from the Seguimiento del Niño para un Desarrollo Óptimo (SENDO) project (Pamplona, Spain). Physical activity was assessed through a questionnaire that covered 17 different types of activities. Screen time was assessed by averaging the daily hours spent on activities such as watching TV, using a computer, or playing video games. Sleep duration was determined by taking the average of sleep durations during both weekdays and weekends. Adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED). Greater odds of having an optimal adherence to the MedDiet were found for participants meeting all three 24-h movement recommendations (odds ratio (OR)=1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–2.87, p=0.001) in comparison with their counterparts not meeting these recommendations. Specifically, significant differences were found for “fruit or fruit juice every day” (p=0.012), “second fruit every day” (p=0.001), and “fresh or cooked vegetables regularly once a day” (p=0.018) in relation to meeting all three 24-h movement recommendation status. Conclusions: This study provides further evidence of the potential importance of meeting all three 24-h movement recommendations to adopt a healthier eating pattern.
- Perampanel in routine clinical use in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: The 12-month GENERAL study(Wiley Online Library, 2018) Villanueva, V. (Vicente); Montoya, J. (Javier); Castillo, A. (Ascensión); Mauri-Llerda, J.Á. (José Ángel); Giner, P. (Pau); López-González, F. J. (Francisco Julián); Piera-Carbonell, A. (Ana); Villanueva-Hernández, P. (Pedro); Bertol, V. (Vicente); García-Escrivá, A. (Alejandro); García-Peñas, J.J. (Juan José); Garamendi, I. (Iñigo); Esteve-Belloch, P. (P.); Baiges-Octavio, J.J. (Juan J.); Miró, J. (Julia); Falip, M. (Mercè); Garcés, M. (Mercedes); Gomez-Ibañez, A. (Asier); López-Gil, J.F. (José Francisco); Carreño, M. (Mar); Rodríguez-Uranga, J.J. (J. J.); Campos, D. (Dulce); Bonet, M. (Macarena); Querol, R. (Rosa); Molins, A. (Albert); Tortosa, D. (Diego); Salas-Puig, J. (Javier)Objective To analyze the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel across different seizure types in routine clinical care of patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Methods This multicenter, retrospective, 1-year observational study collected data from patient records at 21 specialist epilepsy units in Spain. All patients who were aged ≥12 years, prescribed perampanel before December 2016, and had a confirmed diagnosis of IGE were included. Results The population comprised 149 patients with IGE (60 with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, 51 generalized tonic–clonic seizures [GTCS] only, 21 juvenile absence epilepsy, 10 childhood absence epilepsy, 6 adulthood absence epilepsy, and one Jeavons syndrome). Mean age was 36 years. The retention rate at 12 months was 83% (124/149), and 4 mg was the most common dose. At 12 months, the seizure-free rate was 59% for all seizures (88/149); 63% for GTCS (72/115), 65% for myoclonic seizures (31/48), and 51% for absence seizures (24/47). Seizure frequency was reduced significantly at 12 months relative to baseline for GTCS (78%), myoclonic (65%), and absence seizures (48%). Increase from baseline seizure frequency was seen in 5.2% of patients with GTCS seizures, 6.3% with myoclonic, and 4.3% with absence seizures. Perampanel was effective regardless of epilepsy syndrome, concomitant antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and prior AEDs, but retention and seizure freedom were significantly higher when used as early add-on (after ≤2 prior AEDs) than late (≥3 prior AEDs). Adverse events were reported in 50% of patients over 12 months, mostly mild or moderate, and irritability (23%), somnolence (15%), and dizziness (14%) were most frequent. Significance In routine clinical care of patients with IGE, perampanel improved seizure outcomes for GTCS, myoclonic seizures, and absence seizures, with few discontinuations due to adverse events. This is the first real-world evidence with perampanel across different seizure types in IGE.