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Impact of minimal residual disease detection by next-generation flow cytometry in multiple myeloma patients with sustained complete remission after frontline therapy
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2019) Kanellias, N. (Nikolaos); Gavriatopoulou, M. (Maria); Kostopoulos, I.V. (Ioannis V.); Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I. (Ioannis); Tsitsilonis, O.E. (Ourania E.); Migkou, M. (Magdalini); Fotiou, D. (Despina); Spyropoulou-Vlachou, M. (Marilyn); Argyriou, A.T. (Alexandra T.); Paiva, B. (Bruno); Rousakis, P. (Pantelis); Dimopoulos, M.A. (Meletios A.); Ziogas, D.C. (Dimitrios C.); Kastritis, E. (Efstathios); Terpos, E. (Evangelos); Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, E. (Evangelos); Trougakos, I.P. (Ioannis P.); Papanota, A.M. (Aristea-Maria)
Minimal residual disease (MRD) was monitored in 52 patients with sustained CR (≥2 years) after frontline therapy using next-generation flow (NGF) cytometry. 25% of patients initially MRD- reversed to MRD+. 56% of patients in sustained CR were MRD+; 45% at the level of 10−5; 17% at 10−6. All patients who relapsed during follow-up were MRD+ at the latest MRD assessment, including those with ultra-low tumor burden. MRD persistence was associated with specific phenotypic profiles: higher erythroblasts’ and tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages’ predominance in the bone marrow niche. NGF emerges as a suitable method for periodic, reproducible, highly-sensitive MRD-detection at the level of 10−6.