Osman, H. (Hibah)

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    Redefining palliative care-a new consensus-based definition
    (Elsevier, 2020) Goh, C. (Cynthia); Wee, B. (Bee); Connor, S. (Stephen); Leng, M. (Mhoira); Pettus, K. (K.); Moine, S. (Sébastien); Gómez-García, W. (Wendy); Buitrago, R. (Rosa); Harding, R. (Richard); Marston, J. (Joan); Yong, J. (J.); Centeno, C. (Carlos); Davaasuren, O. (Odontuya); Spruijt, O. (Odette); Knaul, F. (Felicia); Larkin, P. (Phillippe); Cege-Munyoro, E. (Esther); Ali, Z. (Zipporah); Lima, L. (Liliana) de; Radbruch, L. (Lukas); Woodruff, R. (Roger); Venkateswaran, C. (Chitra); Burla, C. (Claudia); Wenk, R. (Roberto); Cleary, J. (Jim); Blanchard, C. (Charmaine); Callaway, M. (Mary); Puchalski, C. (C.); Spence, D. (Dingle); Bhatnaghar, S. (Sushma); Pastrana, T. (Tania); Foley, K. (K.); Bruera, E. (Eduardo); Downing, J. (Julia); Rajagopal, M.R. (M. R.); Osman, H. (Hibah); Khan, Q.T. (Quach T.); Luyirika, E. (Emmanuel)
    Context: The International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care developed a consensus-based definition of palliative care (PC) that focuses on the relief of serious health-related suffering, a concept put forward by the Lancet Commission Global Access to Palliative Care and Pain Relief. Objective: The main objective of this article is to present the research behind the new definition. Methods: The three-phased consensus process involved health care workers from countries in all income levels. In Phase 1, 38 PC experts evaluated the components of the World Health Organization definition and suggested new/revised ones. In Phase 2, 412 International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care members in 88 countries expressed their level of agreement with the suggested components. In Phase 3, using results from Phase 2, the expert panel developed the definition. Results: The consensus-based definition is as follows: Palliative care is the active holistic care of individuals across all ages with serious health-related suffering due to severe illness and especially of those near the end of life. It aims to improve the quality of life of patients, their families and their caregivers. The definition includes a number of bullet points with additional details as well as recommendations for governments to reduce barriers to PC. Conclusion: Participants had significantly different perceptions and interpretations of PC. The greatest challenge faced by the core group was trying to find a middle ground between those who think that PC is the relief of all suffering and those who believe that PC describes the care of those with a very limited remaining life span.
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    Atlas of Palliative Care in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
    (IAHPC, 2017) Tfayli, A. (Arafat); Pons-Izquierdo, J.J. (Juan José); Garralda, E. (Eduardo); Rihan, A. (Alaa); Centeno, C. (Carlos); Lima, L. (Liliana) de; Rhee, J.Y. (John Y.); Osman, H. (Hibah)
    BACKGROUND Information on the state of palliative care development in Eastern Mediterranean countries is scant. This study is the first of its kind in conducting a systematic descriptive analysis of palliative care development in the region. AIMS To describe the current status of palliative care in the Eastern Mediterranean Region according to the World Health Organization (WHO) public health strategy for integrating palliative care: policies, opioid accessibility, services availability, and educational programs plus palliative care professional activity. METHODS Surveys were sent by email to two leaders of palliative care in each country. A follow-up telephone interview was conducted with one leader from each available country. A scoping review of the state of palliative care in Eastern Mediterranean countries using the WHO palliative care public health strategy was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Sixty eight percent (15/22) of countries in the EMRO region responded to the survey. Of the fifteen participating countries, Saudi Arabia had the highest number of total palliative care programs across the Eastern Mediterranean region, followed by Egypt and Jordan, while Iraq and the Occupied Palestinian Territories reported no palliative care programs. Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Lebanon have official licensing programs in palliative care for physicians, and a further four countries (Egypt, Jordan, Oman, and Qatar) have developed other advanced training programs (such as Masters or Diploma). In terms of education, Jordan, Oman, and Lebanon report having at least one medical school teaching palliative care as an independent subject, though four additional countries (Egypt, Kuwait, Pakistan, and Tunisia) report teaching palliative care integrated into other subjects. There are no nursing schools in the region that teach palliative care as an independent course. In terms of policies, only Tunisia has a stand-alone national palliative care plan. However, 73% (11/15) of participating countries reported having a section for palliative care within their national cancer plan/strategy. In terms of medicine availability, Saudi Arabia reported the highest opioid consumption in morphine equivalence, excluding methadone, at 33.55 mg/capita/year in 2015, with the next highest being Kuwait at 5.59 mg/capita/year. Finally, in terms of professional activity, Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran reported having national palliative care associations, though not all are currently active. CONCLUSION Palliative care remains underdeveloped in most countries. Efforts and resources should be mobilized to address the gaps identified to ensure that palliative care becomes accessible across the region.