Marsaux, C.F.M. (Cyril F. M.)

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Association between diet-quality scores, adiposity, total cholesterol and markers of nutritional status in European adults: findings from the Food4Me study
    (MDPI AG, 2018) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Saris, W.H.M. (Wim H. M.); Mathers, J.C. (John C.); Gibney, M.J. (M.J.); Livingstone, K.M. (Katherine M.); San-Cristobal, R. (Rodrigo); Daniel, H. (Hannelore); Drevon, C.A (Christian A); Brennan, L. (Lorraine); Gundersen, T.E. (Thomas E); Bouwman, J. (Jildau); Jarosz, M. (Miroslaw); Gibney, E.R. (Eileen R.); Fallaize, R. (Rosalind); Celis-Morales, C. (Carlos); Marsaux, C.F.M. (Cyril F. M.); O’Donovan, C.B. (Clare B.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Kolossa, S. (Silvia); Moschonis, G. (George); Walsh, M. (Marianne); Macready, A.L. (Anna L.); Lovegrove, J. A. (Julie A.); Manios, Y. (Yannis)
    Diet-quality scores (DQS), which are developed across the globe, are used to define adherence to specific eating patterns and have been associated with risk of coronary heart disease and type-II diabetes. We explored the association between five diet-quality scores (Healthy Eating Index, HEI; Alternate Healthy Eating Index, AHEI; MedDietScore, MDS; PREDIMED Mediterranean Diet Score, P-MDS; Dutch Healthy Diet-Index, DHDI) and markers of metabolic health (anthropometry, objective physical activity levels (PAL), and dried blood spot total cholesterol (TC), total carotenoids, and omega-3 index) in the Food4Me cohort, using regression analysis. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants (n = 1480) were adults recruited from seven European Union (EU) countries. Overall, women had higher HEI and AHEI than men (p < 0.05), and scores varied significantly between countries. For all DQS, higher scores were associated with lower body mass index, lower waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference, and higher total carotenoids and omega-3-index (p trends < 0.05). Higher HEI, AHEI, DHDI, and P-MDS scores were associated with increased daily PAL, moderate and vigorous activity, and reduced sedentary behaviour (p trend < 0.05). We observed no association between DQS and TC. To conclude, higher DQS, which reflect better dietary patterns, were associated with markers of better nutritional status and metabolic health.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Objectively measured physical activity in european adults: cross-sectional findings from the Food4Me study
    (Public Library of Science, 2016) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Goris, A. (Annelies); Saris, W.H.M. (Wim H. M.); Mathers, J.C. (John C.); Gibney, M.J. (M.J.); Lambrinou, C.P. (Christina Paulina); Daniel, H. (Hannelore); Claassen, A. (Arjan); Forster, H. (Hannah); Hoonhout, J. (Jettie); Fallaize, R. (Rosalind); Celis-Morales, C. (Carlos); Marsaux, C.F.M. (Cyril F. M.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Kolossa, S. (Silvia); Traczyk, I. (Iwonna); Walsh, M. (Marianne); Macready, A.L. (Anna L.); Lovegrove, J. A. (Julie A.); Godlewska, M. (Magdalena); Manios, Y. (Yannis)
    Introduction Physical inactivity has been estimated to be responsible for more than 5.3 million deaths worldwide [1]. Moreover, among European men and women, approximately 7.3% of all deaths in 2008 might be attributable to inactivity compared with 3.7% to obesity [2] and there is strong evidence to suggest that even small increases in physical activity (PA) would lower the risk for many non-communicable diseases [1–3]. Yet, levels of PA across populations remain low [4]. To tackle this public health issue, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine produced standardized PA guidelines 20 years ago [5]. Since then, the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Union, and most countries around the world, have included PA guidelines in their health policies. Guidelines for Americans and Europeans have been updated to include recommendations for adolescents and for older adults [6–9]. For adults aged 18–64 years old, the WHO recommends a minimum of 150 min of moderate intensity PA per week, 75 min of vigorous intensity PA or an equivalent amount of moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) [9]. In 2008, 34.8% of adults 15 years or older were insufficiently active in Europe [4]. Regular surveillance is needed to update these prevalence estimates and to evaluate the effectiveness of PA policies and promotion programs in European countries. In this context, the objective assessment of PA is a key issue. Prevalence of physical inactivity has been mainly derived from self-reported measures such as the Baecke questionnaire [10] or the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) [11]. These questionnaires have been, and still are, widely used due to their simple administration and low cost [12]. However, PA is frequently misreported, which leads to considerable measurement error [13–15]. Accelerometers offer a potential solution because they measure PA objectively. Given that they are small and easy to wear, store data up to several weeks and are acceptable in terms of reliability, these devices are now used increasingly in large studies to assess PA in children, adolescents and adults [16]. Although some European countries have reported adherence to PA guidelines using accelerometers in large cohorts [17–19], comparisons between European countries measured according to the same standardized protocols and concurrently are lacking. Between 2012 and 2014, PA was assessed objectively by accelerometry in the participants of the Food4Me Proof-of-Principle (PoP) study. The Food4Me Study was a web-based randomized controlled trial on personalized nutrition, across seven European countries: Germany, Greece, Ireland, The Netherlands, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom. The aim of the current paper is to describe and compare PA in adults from these countries, and evaluate adherence to PA guidelines, using baseline data from the Food4Me PoP study.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Genetic Background Roles within a Web-Based Nutritional Intervention: The Food4Me Study
    (2017) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Grimaldi, K. (Keith); Saris, W.H.M. (Wim H. M.); Mathers, J.C. (John C.); Gibney, M.J. (M.J.); Livingstone, K.M. (Katherine M.); San-Cristobal, R. (Rodrigo); Lambrinou, C.P. (Christina Paulina); Daniel, H. (Hannelore); Drevon, C.A (Christian A); Brennan, L. (Lorraine); Gundersen, T.E. (Thomas E); Bouwman, J. (Jildau); Jarosz, M. (Miroslaw); Gibney, E.R. (Eileen R.); Fallaize, R. (Rosalind); Celis-Morales, C. (Carlos); Marsaux, C.F.M. (Cyril F. M.); Parnell, L.D. (Laurence D); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Moschonis, G. (George); Van Ommen, B. (Ben); Macready, A.L. (Anna L.); Lovegrove, J. A. (Julie A.); Manios, Y. (Yannis)
    Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) adherence has been proven to produce numerous health benefits. In addition, nutrigenetic studies have explained some individual variations in the response to specific dietary patterns. The present research aimed to explore associations and potential interactions between MedDiet adherence and genetic background throughout the Food4Me web-based nutritional intervention. Dietary, anthropometrical and biochemical data from volunteers of the Food4Me study were collected at baseline and after 6 months. Several genetic variants related to metabolic risk features were also analysed. A Genetic Risk Score (GRS) was derived from risk alleles and a Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), based on validated food intake data, was estimated. At baseline, there were no interactions between GRS and MDS categories for metabolic traits. Linear mixed model repeated measures analyses showed a significantly greater decrease in total cholesterol in participants with a low GRS after a 6-month period, compared to those with a high GRS. Meanwhile, a high baseline MDS was associated with greater decreases in Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and glucose. There also was a significant interaction between GRS and the MedDiet after the follow-up period. Among subjects with a high GRS, those with a high MDS evidenced a highly significant reduction in total carotenoids, while among those with a low GRS, there was no difference associated with MDS levels. These results suggest that a higher MedDiet adherence induces beneficial effects on metabolic outcomes, which can be affected by the genetic background in some specific markers.