Gea-Sánchez, A. (Alfredo)

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    Health-related quality of life and mortality in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' prospective cohort study
    (2023) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Jiménez-Moleón, J.J. (José Juan); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); López-Herreros, J. (J.); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Gea-Sánchez, A. (Alfredo); Dierssen-Sotos, T. (T.); Sanchez-Villegas, A. (Almudena)
    Objective: To study the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and all-cause mortality in a healthy middle-aged Mediterranean cohort. Methods: We included 15,390 participants -mean age 42.8 years at first HRQoL ascertainment, all university graduates-. HRQoL was assessed with the self-administered Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) twice, with a 4-year gap. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models to address the relation between self-reported health and Physical or Mental Component Summary (PCS-36 or MCS-36) and mortality, and their interaction with prior comorbidities or adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). Results: Over 8.7 years of median follow-up time, 266 deaths were identified. Hazard ratio (HR) for the excellent vs. poor/fair category in self-reported health was 0.30 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.16-0.57) in the model with repeated measurements of HRQoL. Both the PCS-36 (HRquartile4(Q4)vs.Q1 0.57 [95%CI, 0.36-0.90], ptrend < 0.001; HRper+10points: 0.64 [95%CI, 0.54-0.75]) and the MCS-36 (HRQ4vs.Q1 0.67 [95%CI, 0.46-0.97], ptrend = 0.025; HRper+10points: 0.86 [95%CI, 0.74-0.99]) were inversely associated with mortality in the model with repeated measurements of HRQoL. Previous comorbidities or adherence to the MedDiet did not modify these associations. Conclusions: Self-reported HRQoL -assessed as self-reported health, PCS-36 and MCS-36- obtained with the Spanish version of the SF-36 were inversely associated with mortality risk, regardless of the presence of previous comorbidities or adherence to the MedDiet.
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    Tobacco and alcohol co-use: Lifestyle and sociodemographic factors, and personality aspects as potential predictors in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort
    (2024) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Neddermann, S. (Sofía); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Lahortiga, F. (Francisca); Pardavila-Belio, M.I. (Miren Idoia); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Gea-Sánchez, A. (Alfredo); Latifa, A. (Abidi)
    Tobacco and alcohol co-use are two major lifestyle modifiable risk factors. Understanding the determinants of both behaviors helps to develop interventions to prevent these exposures. However, previous studies have focused on predictors of individual tobacco or alcohol use. This study aims to explore the potential predictors of tobacco and alcohol co-use among Spanish university graduates from the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) cohort study. A total of 7175 participants who were co-users of tobacco and alcohol were selected for this cross-sectional analysis. Their mean age was 39.1 years (12.04 SD) and 57.3% were women. Univariate regression models were used to select the potential predictors of tobacco and alcohol co-use, and the areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to create a predictive model. Baseline potential predictors included sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and perceived personality aspects. In the multivariable model, the main significant potential predictors of tobacco and alcohol co-use were driving under the influence of alcohol (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65 [1.43-1.90]), drinking 1-2 cups of coffee daily (OR = 1.50 [1.24-1.84]), and drinking three or more cups of coffee daily (OR = 1.61 [1.35-1.91]) when compared with the reference group. Conversely, those who were married (OR = 0.87 [0.75-0.99], ate at home 7 days a week (OR = 0.69 [0.60-0.80]), did more physical activity than recommended (OR = 1.18 [1.02-1.34]), or had a high perceived level of competitiveness (OR = 0.83 [0.72-0.95]) had a lower risk of co-use (AUC 0.61 [confidence interval 95% 0.59-0.63]), compared to the reference group. These results could be used by healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to effectively assess patients at higher risk of tobacco and alcohol co-use.
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    Replacement of watching television with physical activity and the change in gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a case-control study
    (2024) Jiménez-Moleón, J.J. (José Juan); Mozas-Moreno, J. (Juan); Youlyouz-Marfak, I. (Ibtissam); Olmedo-Requena, R. (Rocío); Gea-Sánchez, A. (Alfredo); Kouiti, M. (Malak); Gonzalez-Palacios-Torres, C. (Carla); Lozano-Lorca, M. (Macarena)
    Objective: To evaluate the effect of replacing 1 h/week of watching television with 1 h/week of light to moderate (LMPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) before and during pregnancy on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: A case-control study was conducted in pregnant women. Physical activity and television watching before and during pregnancy were assessed using the Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire. Each type of activity was classified according to intensity (metabolic equivalent of task; MET): less than 6 METs is LMPA, 6 METs or more is VPA. The duration of physical activity and watching television was calculated, and logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals for their association with GDM risk. The isotemporal substitution model was used to calculate the effect of replacing 1 h/week of watching television with the same duration of physical activity.Results: The GDM cases (n = 290) spent less time performing VPA than controls without GDM (n = 1175) and more time watching television during pregnancy (P < 0.05). During pregnancy, the risk of GDM increased for each hour of watching television (aOR = 1.02; 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.03). Women who spent more time watching television during pregnancy were likely to develop GDM (aOR>(14 h/week vs. 0-6 h/week )= 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.35-3.08). Replacing 1 h/week of watching television with 1 h/week of VPA during pregnancy could decrease the chance of developing GDM (aOR = 0.66; 95% confidence interval 0.43-1.00).Conclusions: A simple change of 1 h/week of watching television for 1 h/week of VPA in pregnant women may reduce the risk of GDM considerably.