Gomez, S. (Sara)
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- Development of a novel vaccine delivery system based on Gantrez nanoparticles.(American Scientific Publishers, 2006) San-Roman, B. (Beatriz); Vauthier, C. (Christine); Gamazo, C. (Carlos); Gomez, S. (Sara); Irache, J.M. (Juan Manuel); Ferrer-Cardona, M. (Marta)The adjuvant capacity of a novel vaccine vector “Gantrez-nanoparticles” (NP) towards coated or encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA) was investigated. OVA nanoparticles were prepared by a solvent displacement method previously described. The protein was incorporated during the manufacturing process (OVA-encapsulated nanoparticles) or after the preparation (OVA-coated nanoparticles). The mean size of the different nanoparticle formulations was lower than 300 nm, and the OVA content ranged approximately from 67 μg/mg nanoparticles (for OVA-coated nanoparticles) to 30 μg/mg nanoparticles (for OVA-encapsulated nanoparticles). All the OVA-NP formulations were capable of amplifying the antibodies titres (IgG1 and IgG2a) in mice after a single subcutaneous inoculation with respect free OVA or OVA adsorbed to Alum. Furthermore, the elicited response was, for some formulations, predominantly Th1 subtype. Thus, the formulation that contained mainly the antigen inside, and with a low concentration of cross-linking agent, displayed the best potential to induce a Th1 response after 35 days post-immunisation. These results are highly suggestive for the use of Gantrez nanoparticles as an efficient antigen delivery system, especially when a long lasting Th1 cytokine response is required.
- A study of heavy metal complexation in grape juice(Wiley, 2005-03) Santamaria-Elola, C. (Carolina); Salinas, I. (Íñigo); Gomez, S. (Sara); Esparza, I. (Irene); Fernandez-Alvarez, J.M. (José María)Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, DPASV, has been used to monitor the initial stages of grape juice fermentation, focusing on Zn interactions with natural occurring ligands. Langmuir and Scatchard linearization methods have been employed. A 1:1 ratio has been found by either method; from Langmuir data analysis only one ligand population was found, while Scatchard approach gave rise to the detection of two ligand types. Both data analysis procedures led to the same total ligand concentration. When catechin was used as model ligand, a 1: 1 ratio was found for Zn and also for Cu.
- Intradermal immunization with ovalbumin-loaded poly-epsilon-caprolactone microparticles conferred protection in ovalbumin-sensitized allergic mice.(Wiley-Blackwell, 2007) San-Roman, B. (Beatriz); Espuelas, S. (Socorro); Gamazo, C. (Carlos); Gomez, S. (Sara); Sanz, M.L. (María Luisa); Irache, J.M. (Juan Manuel); Ferrer-Cardona, M. (Marta)Background Despite immunotherapy has been reported as the only treatment able to revert the Th2 response, its administration has some disadvantages such as the requirement of multiple doses, possible side effects provoked by conventional adjuvants and the risk of suffering an anaphylactic shock. For that reasons, drug delivery systems appear to be a promising strategy due to its ability to i) transport the allergens, ii) protect them from degradation, iii) decrease the number of administrations and iv) act as immuno-adjuvants. Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of poly- -caprolactone (PCL) microparticles as adjuvants in immunotherapy using ovalbumin (OVA) as allergen model. For this purpose, the protection capacity of these microparticles (OVA PCL) against OVA allergy was studied in a murine model. Methods The humoral and cellular induced immune response generated by OVA encapsulated into PCL microparticles was studied immunizing BALB/c mice intradermically. Beside, OVAsensitized mice were treated with OVA PCL and OVA adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (OVAAlum). Fifteen days after therapy, animals were challenged with OVA and different signs of anaphylactic shock were evaluated. Results One single shot by intradermal route with OVA PCL resulted in a Th2-type immune response. In OVA-sensitized mice, treatment with OVA PCL treatment elicited high OVA specific IgG but low levels of IgE. Furthermore, OVA PCL mice group displayed lower levels of serum histamine and higher survival rate in comparison with the positive control group. Conclusion The anaphylactic shock suffered by OVA PCL treated mice was weaker than the one induced in the OVA-Alum group. Hence, the intradermal immunization with OVA PCL microparticles induced hyposensitization in OVA-allergic mice.
- Validation of novel recipes for masking peanuts in double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges(Elsevier, 2021) Lafón, I. (Iñaki); Agüeros, M. (Maite); Gastaminza, G. (Gabriel); Tabar, A.I. (Ana Isabel); Navarro, M. (Montserrat); D'Amelio-Garofalo, C.M. (Carmen Mariana); Garcia, B.E. (Blanca Esther); Gomez, S. (Sara); Lampérez, M. (Marta); Ferrer-Cardona, M. (Marta)Background: Double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges are the gold standard in food allergy diagnosis. Nevertheless, proper masking of peanuts is particularly complex owing to their intense flavor and odor. Thus, it is important to use validated recipes to ensure their adequate masking during oral food challenges. Objective: To design and validate recipes containing masked peanuts for double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges. Methods: Two types of products (cookies and a custard‐type dessert) containing the masked peanuts and other ingredients with low allergenic potential were designed and validated. For this purpose, of the 24 initial cookie recipes and 12 initial custard recipes developed, those that did not exhibit significant differences in their texture were selected for sensory validation. Results: Similarity triangle tests were performed using a panel of 36 selected tasters, enabling the validation of 1 pair of cookie recipes and 1 pair of custard-type dessert recipe, both with low allergenic potential and suitable for those with celiac disease and for vegans. Conclusion: The validated recipes are of clinical and research interest because they allow to confirm a peanut allergy and detect a wide range of tolerated threshold doses, which makes it possible to provide specific indica- tions for each patient.
- Co-encapsulated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and ovalbumin in PLGA microparticles; an in vitro and in vivo study(Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014) San-Roman, B. (Beatriz); Espuelas, S. (Socorro); Gomez, S. (Sara); Irache, J.M. (Juan Manuel)Purpose: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect in the immune response produced by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) co-encapsulated with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) within poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) 502 and 752 microparticles (MP). Methods: MP were prepared by blending 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) with PLGA and Total Recirculation One Machine System (TROMS) technology and contained OVA along with CpG sequences associated to DOTAP. After confirming the integrity of both encapsulated molecules, BALB/c mice were immunized with the resulting MP and OVA-specific antibodies and cytokine production were assessed in order to determine the immunological profile induced in mice. Results: One m near non-charged MP co-encapsulated very efficiently both OVA and CpG ODN. The release of both OVA and CpG was slow and incomplete irrespective of polymer. The results of the immune response induced in BALB/c mice indicated that, depending on the PLGA polymer used, co-encapsulation did not improve the immunogenicity of the antigen, compared either with the simply co-administration of both antigen and CpG, or with the microencapsulated antigen. Thus, mice immunized with OVA associated to PLGA 756 displayed an IgG2a characterized response which was biased to an IgG1 profile in case of CpG co-encapsulation. On the contrary, the co-encapsulation of CpG with OVA into PLGA 502 significantly improved the isotype shifting in comparison with the one showed by mice immunized with OVA loaded PLGA 502. Conclusion: This study underlines the importance of MP characteristics to fully exploit simultaneous antigen and CpG ODN particulate delivery as effective vaccine construct.
- Allergen immunotherapy with nanoparticles containing lipopolysaccharide from Brucella ovis.(Elsevier, 2008) San-Roman, B. (Beatriz); Espuelas, S. (Socorro); Gamazo, C. (Carlos); Gomez, S. (Sara); Sanz, M.L. (María Luisa); Irache, J.M. (Juan Manuel); Ferrer-Cardona, M. (Marta)Background: Specific immunotherapy implies certain drawbacks which could be minimized by the use of good adjuvants, capable of amplifying the appropriate immune response with minimal adverse effects. Objective: To evaluate the adjuvant capacity of the association of the rough lipopolysaccharide of Brucella ovis with Gantrez® AN nanoparticles. Methods: Ovalbumin (allergen model)-containing Gantrez® AN nanoparticles with either encapsulated or coated lipopolysaccharide were prepared and administered intradermally to BALB/c mice in order to evaluate the immune response. Pre-sensitized BALB/c mice were also administered with the formulations and they were challenged with an intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin. Anaphylactic symptoms, including mortality rates, were evaluated after the challenge. Results: The intradermal administration of mice with ovalbumin-containing nanoparticles elicited high and sustained specific IgG1 and IgG2a responses. However, the only treatment that totally protected the mice from death after the challenge of induced allergic mice to ovalbumin, required the co-administration of lipopolysaccharide entrapped inside the nanoparticles. Conclusion: Gantrez® AN nanoparticles with entrapped rough lipopolysaccharide of Brucella ovis protected ovalbumin pre-sensitized BALB/c mice from anaphylactic shock. Clinical Implications: These results are highly suggestive for the valuable use of Gantrez® nanoparticles combined with lipopolysaccharide of Brucella ovis in immunotherapy with allergens.
- Co-encapsulation of an antigen and CpG oligonucleotides into PLGA microparticles by TROMS technology.(Elsevier, 2008) Tsapis, N. (Nicolás); San-Roman, B. (Beatriz); Espuelas, S. (Socorro); Gamazo, C. (Carlos); Gomez, S. (Sara); Irache, J.M. (Juan Manuel)It seems well established that CpG oligonucleotides Th1 biased adjuvant activity can be improved when closely associated with a variety of antigens in, for example, microparticles. In this context, we prepared 1-μm near non-charged PLGA 502 or PLGA 756 microparticles that loaded with high efficiency an antigen (50% ovalbumin (OVA), approximately) into their matrix and CpG-chitosan complexes (near to 20%) onto their surface maintaining OVA and CpG integrity intact. In the intradermal immunization studies, whereas OVA microencapsulated into PLGA 756 alone induced a strong humoral immune response assisted by a very clear Th1 bias (IgG2a/IgG1=0.875) that was decreased by CpG co-delivery (IgG2a/IgG1=0.55), the co-encapsulation of CpG with OVA in PLGA 502 particles significantly improved the antibody response and isotype shifting (IgG2a/IgG1=0.73) in comparison with mice immunized with OVA loaded PLGA 502 (IgG2a/IgG1=0). This improvement was not correlated with the cellular immune response where the effect of co-encapsulated CpG was rather negative (2030.2 pg/mL and 335.3 pg/mL IFN-g for OVA PLGA 502 for OVA CpG PLGA 502, respectively). These results underscore the critical role of polymer nature and microparticle characteristics to show the benefits of coencapsulating CpG motifs in close proximity with an antigen.