Perez-Rodrigo, C. (Carmen)
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- Desigualdad, salud y nutrición en España: una visión regional del índice de masa corporal(Arán Ediciones, 2018) Perez-Rodrigo, C. (Carmen); Aranceta-Bartrina, J. (Javier)Introducción y objetivos: numerosos determinantes ambientales influyen en el crecimiento y en el desarrollo y condicionan la expresión potencial o su evolución en el tiempo. Se analiza la influencia de algunos condicionantes sociodemográficos en la sobrecarga ponderal, en el peso y en la talla en la población adulta española. Métodos: el análisis se ha realizado en una submuestra (25 a 64 años) del estudio ENPE, estudio observacional transversal sobre una muestra poblacional aleatoria de población. Se recogió información sobre edad, género, nivel de estudios, ocupación y lugar de residencia. La clase social se codificó en función de la ocupación. Se tomaron mediciones individuales de peso y talla. Resultados: la prevalencia de obesidad es mayor en hombres, aumenta con la edad y se observa una relación inversa con el nivel de estudios y la clase social. Es mayor en Asturias, Galicia y Andalucía. La talla baja es más frecuente en personas con estudios primarios incompletos y clase social baja, al contrario que la talla alta, más frecuente también en las regiones norte-este y centro. El bajo peso corporal es menos frecuente en personas sin estudios y de clase social baja. Conclusiones: en base a la desigual distribución del sobrepeso y de la obesidad, las estrategias preventivas en nutrición comunitaria deben contemplar la mejora del nivel de educación nutricional y del grado de alfabetización de la población, con especial énfasis en las personas de entornos más desfavorecidos.
- Lifestyle Patterns and Weight Status in Spanish Adults: The ANIBES Study(2017) Perez-Rodrigo, C. (Carmen); González-Gross, M. (Marcela); Gil, A. (Ángel); Gianzo-Citores, M. (Marta); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio); Aranceta-Bartrina, J. (Javier); Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)Limited knowledge is available on lifestyle patterns in Spanish adults. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aged 18–64 years and their association with obesity. Analysis was based on a subsample (n = 1617) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions and obesity. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, “Traditional DP”, “Mediterranean DP”, “Snack DP” and “Dairy-sweet DP”. Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aggregated into three different clusters of lifestyle patterns: “Mixed diet-physically active-low sedentary lifestyle pattern”, “Not poor diet-low physical activity-low sedentary lifestyle pattern” and “Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern”. A higher proportion of people aged 18–30 years was classified into the “Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern”. The prevalence odds ratio for obesity in men in the “Mixed diet-physically active-low sedentary lifestyle pattern” was significantly lower compared to those in the “Poor diet-low physical activity-sedentary lifestyle pattern”. Those behavior patterns are helpful to identify specific issues in population subgroups and inform intervention strategies. The findings in this study underline the importance of designing and implementing interventions that address multiple health risk practices, considering lifestyle patterns and associated determinants.
- Clustering of Dietary Patterns, Lifestyles, and Overweight among Spanish Children and Adolescents in the ANIBES Study(MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland, 2015) Perez-Rodrigo, C. (Carmen); González-Gross, M. (Marcela); Gil, A. (Ángel); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio); Aranceta-Bartrina, J. (Javier); Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)Weight gain has been associated with behaviors related to diet, sedentary lifestyle, and physical activity. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep time in Spanish children and adolescents and whether the identified clusters could be associated with overweight. Analysis was based on a subsample (n = 415) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep time. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions and overweight. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, one reflecting a profile closer to the traditional Mediterranean diet. Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors and sleep time on weekdays in Spanish children and adolescents clustered into two different groups. A low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern, which included a higher proportion of girls, and a high physical activity, low sedentary behavior, longer sleep duration, healthier diet lifestyle pattern. Although increased risk of being overweight was not significant, the Prevalence Ratios (PRs) for the low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern were >1 in children and in adolescents. The healthier lifestyle pattern included lower proportions of children and adolescents from low socioeconomic status backgrounds.
- Updating the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish Population: The Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) Proposal(MDPI AG, 2019) Perez-Rodrigo, C. (Carmen); Partearroyo, T. (Teresa); The Collaborative Group for the Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish Population (SENC); López-Sobaler, A.M (Ana M.); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Varela-Moreiras, G. (Gregorio); Aranceta-Bartrina, J. (Javier); Ortega, R.M. (Rosa María)Diet-related risk factors and physical inactivity are among the leading risk factors for disability and are responsible for a large proportion of the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) are useful tools for nutrition policies and public health strategies to promote healthier eating and physical activity. In this paper, we discuss the process followed in developing the dietary guidelines for the Spanish population by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and further explain the collaboration with primary healthcare practitioners as presented in the context of the NUTRIMAD 2018 international congress of SENC. From a health in all policies approach, SENC convened a group of experts in nutrition and public health to review the evidence on diet-health, nutrient intake and food consumption in the Spanish population, as well as food preparation, determinants and impact of diet on environmental sustainability. The collaborative group drafted the document and designed the graphic icon, which was then subject to a consultation process, discussion, and qualitative evaluation. Next, a collaborative group was established to plan a dissemination strategy, involving delegates from all the primary healthcare scientific societies in Spain. A product of this collaboration was the release of an attractive, easy-to-understand publication.