Raben, A. (Anne)
- Publications
- item.page.relationships.isContributorAdvisorOfPublication
- item.page.relationships.isContributorOfPublication
10 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
- Sociocognitive factors associated with lifestyle intervention attrition after successful weight loss among participants with prediabetes-The PREVIEW study(Wiley, 2020) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Muirhead, R. (Roslyn); Schlicht, W. (Wolfgang); Raben, A. (Anne); Handjieva-Darlenska, T. (Teodora); Jalo, E. (Elli); Huttunen-Lenz, M. (Maija); Drummen, M. (Mathijs); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Meinert-Larsen, T. (Thomas); MacDonald, I. (Ian)Introduction: Major risk factors for type 2 diabetes are lifestyle choices such as lack of physical activity (PA) and poor diet. Many individuals either do not take part or struggle to complete interventions supporting lifestyle changes. Demographic and theory-based sociocognitive factors associated with PREVIEW intervention attrition after successful weight loss were examined. Methods: Participants (1,856) who started the weight maintenance phase after completion of low-energy diet were retrospectively divided into three clusters depending on the point they left the trial. Discriminant analysis examined which demographic and theory-based sociocognitive variables were associated with cluster membership. Results: Most of the participants were women and well-educated. Two discriminant functions were calculated (χ2 (24) = 247.0, p ≥ .05, d = 0.78). The demographic variables, such as age and ethnicity, and the social cognitive variable outcome expectancies on the other side were associated with cluster membership. Older age, Caucasian ethnicity, and fewer expected disadvantages of PA were associated with high success. Discussion: The discriminant model gave insight into some factors associated with early attrition. For practitioners planning interventions it underlines the necessity to take extra attention to younger participants and to those being afraid that being physically active causes unpleasant ramifications.
- Compositional analysis of the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults with pre-diabetes from the PREVIEW study: cross-sectional baseline analysis(2020) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Bogdanov, G. (Georgi); Muirhead, R. (Roslyn); Swindell, N. (Nils); Brodie, S. (Shannon); Rees, P. (Paul); Schlicht, W. (Wolfgang); Brand-Miller, J. (Jennie); Westerterp-Plantenga, M. (Margriet); Tikkanen, H. (Heikki); Larsen, T.M. (Thomas M.); Raben, A. (Anne); Vestentoft, P.S. (Pia Siig); Handjieva-Darlenska, T. (Teodora); Silvestre, M.P. (Marta P.); Jalo, E. (Elli); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Gant, N. (Nicholas); Adam, T.C. (Tanja C.); Drummen, M. (Mathijs); Fogelholm, M. (Mikael); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Boyadjieva, N. (Nadka); Stratton, G. (Gareth); MacDonald, I. (Ian)Background: Physical activity, sedentary time and sleep have been shown to be associated with cardio-metabolic health. However, these associations are typically studied in isolation or without accounting for the effect of all movement behaviours and the constrained nature of data that comprise a finite whole such as a 24 h day. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the composition of daily movement behaviours (including sleep, sedentary time (ST), light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA)) and cardio-metabolic health, in a cross-sectional analysis of adults with pre-diabetes. Further, we quantified the predicted differences following reallocation of time between behaviours. Methods: Accelerometers were used to quantify daily movement behaviours in 1462 adults from eight countries with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg·m− 2 , impaired fasting glucose (IFG; 5.6–6.9 mmol·l − 1 ) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; 7.8–11.0 mmol•l − 1 2 h following oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT). Compositional isotemporal substitution was used to estimate the association of reallocating time between behaviours. Results: Replacing MVPA with any other behaviour around the mean composition was associated with a poorer cardio-metabolic risk profile. Conversely, when MVPA was increased, the relationships with cardiometabolic risk markers was favourable but with smaller predicted changes than when MVPA was replaced. Further, substituting ST with LIPA predicted improvements in cardio-metabolic risk markers, most notably insulin and HOMA-IR. Conclusions: This is the first study to use compositional analysis of the 24 h movement composition in adults with overweight/obesity and pre-diabetes. These findings build on previous literature that suggest replacing ST with LIPA may produce metabolic benefits that contribute to the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the asymmetry in the predicted change in risk markers following the reallocation of time to/from MVPA highlights the importance of maintaining existing levels of MVPA. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01777893).
- Demographic and social-cognitive factors associated with weight loss in overweight, pre-diabetic participants of the PREVIEW study(Springer, 2018) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Schlicht, W. (Wolfgang); Brand-Miller, J. (Jennie); Sluik, D. (Diewertje); Raben, A. (Anne); Handjieva-Darlenska, T. (Teodora); Huttunen-Lenz, M. (Maija); Drummen, M. (Mathijs); Fogelholm, M. (Mikael); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Hansen, S. (Sylvia); Meinert-Larsen, T. (Thomas); MacDonald, I. (Ian)Purpose Weight loss has been demonstrated to be a successful strategy in diabetes prevention. Although weight loss is greatly influenced by dietary behaviors, social-cognitive factors play an important role in behavioral determination. This study aimed to identify demographic and social-cognitive factors (intention, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, social support, and motivation with regard to dietary behavior and goal adjustment) associated with weight loss in overweight and obese participants from the PREVIEW study who had pre-diabetes. Method Prospective correlational data from 1973 adult participants were analyzed. The participants completed psychological questionnaires that assessed social-cognitive variables with regard to dietary behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to identify baseline demographic and social-cognitive factors associated with weight loss. Results Overall, being male, having a higher baseline BMI, having a higher income, perceiving fewer disadvantages of a healthy diet (outcome expectancies), experiencing less discouragement for healthy eating by family and friends (social support), and lower education were independently linked to greater weight loss. When evaluating females and males separately, education was no longer associated with weight loss. Conclusion The results indicate that a supportive environment in which family members and friends avoid discouraging healthy eating, with the application of a strategy that uses specific behavior change techniques to emphasize the benefits of outcomes, i.e., the benefits of a healthy diet, may support weight loss efforts. Weight loss programs should therefore always address the social environment of persons who try to lose body weight because family members and friends can be important supporters in reaching a weight loss goal.
- Impact of acute consumption of beverages containing plant-based or alternative sweetener blends on postprandial appetite, food intake, metabolism, and gastro-intestinal symptoms: Results of the SWEET beverages trial(Elsevier, 2023) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Maloney, N. (Niamh); Scott, C. (Corey); Almiron-Roig, E. (Eva); Finlayson, G. (Graham); Harrold, J.A. (Joanne A.); Kjølbæk, L. (Louise); Castelnuovo, G. (Gabriele); Halford, J.C.G. (Jason C. G.); Raats, M.M. (Monique M.); Raben, A. (Anne); Normand, M. (Mie); Hardman, C.H. (Charlotte A.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Romo‐Hualde, A. (Ana); Moshoyiannis, H. (Hariklia); Hodgkins, C.E. (Charo E.)Project SWEET examined the barriers and facilitators to the use of non-nutritive sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (hereafter "S&SE") alongside potential risks/benefits for health and sustainability. The Beverages trial was a double-blind multi-centre, randomised crossover trial within SWEET evaluating the acute impact of three S&SE blends (plant-based and alternatives) vs. a sucrose control on glycaemic response, food intake, appetite sensations and safety after a carbohydrate-rich breakfast meal. The blends were: mogroside V and stevia RebM; stevia RebA and thaumatin; and sucralose and acesulfame-potassium (ace-K). At each 4 h visit, 60 healthy volunteers (53% male; all with overweight/obesity) consumed a 330 mL beverage with either an S&SE blend (0 kJ) or 8% sucrose (26 g, 442 kJ), shortly followed by a standardised breakfast (∼2600 or 1800 kJ with 77 or 51 g carbohydrates, depending on sex). All blends reduced the 2-h incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC) for blood insulin (p < 0.001 in mixed-effects models), while the stevia RebA and sucralose blends reduced the glucose iAUC (p < 0.05) compared with sucrose. Post-prandial levels of triglycerides plus hepatic transaminases did not differ across conditions (p > 0.05 for all). Compared with sucrose, there was a 3% increase in LDL-cholesterol after stevia RebA-thaumatin (p < 0.001 in adjusted models); and a 2% decrease in HDL-cholesterol after sucralose-ace-K (p < 0.01). There was an impact of blend on fullness and desire to eat ratings (both p < 0.05) and sucralose-acesulfame K induced higher prospective intake vs sucrose (p < 0.001 in adjusted models), but changes were of a small magnitude and did not translate into energy intake differences over the next 24 h. Gastro-intestinal symptoms for all beverages were mostly mild. In general, responses to a carbohydrate-rich meal following consumption of S&SE blends with stevia or sucralose were similar to sucrose.
- PREVIEW study-influence of a behavior modification intervention (PREMIT) in over 2300 people with pre-diabetes: intention, self-efficacy and outcome expectancies during the early phase of a lifestyle intervention(Taylor and Francis Group, 2018) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Handjiev, S. (Svetoslav); Sando-Pedersen, F. (Finn); Schlicht, W. (Wolfgang); Brand-Miller, J. (Jennie); Pietiläinen, K.H. (Kirsi H.); Raben, A. (Anne); Berendsen, A.A.M. (Agnes A. M.); Silvestre, M.P. (Marta P.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Taylor, M. (Moira); Adam, T.C. (Tanja C.); Huttunen-Lenz, M. (Maija); Drummen, M. (Mathijs); Fogelholm, M. (Mikael); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Hansen, S. (Sylvia); Meinert-Larsen, T. (Thomas); MacDonald, I. (Ian); Christensen, P. (Pia)Purpose: Onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is often gradual and preceded by impaired glucose homeostasis. Lifestyle interventions including weight loss and physical activity may reduce the risk of developing T2D, but adherence to a lifestyle change is challenging. As part of an international T2D prevention trial (PREVIEW), a behavior change intervention supported participants in achieving a healthier diet and physically active lifestyle. Here, our aim was to explore the influence of this behavioral program (PREMIT) on social-cognitive variables during an 8-week weight loss phase. Methods: PREVIEW consisted of an initial weight loss, Phase I, followed by a weightmaintenance, Phase II, for those achieving the 8-week weight loss target of ≥ 8% from initial bodyweight. Overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) individuals aged 25 to 70 years with confirmed pre-diabetes were enrolled. Uni- and multivariate statistical methods were deployed to explore differences in intentions, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancies between those who achieved the target weight loss (“achievers”) and those who did not (“non-achievers”). Results: At the beginning of Phase I, no significant differences in intentions, self-efficacy and outcome expectancies between “achievers” (1,857) and “non-achievers” (163) were found. “Non-achievers” tended to be younger, live with child/ren, and attended the PREMIT sessions less frequently. At the end of Phase I, “achievers” reported higher intentions (healthy eating χ2 (1)=2.57; P <0.008, exercising χ2 (1)=0.66; P <0.008), self-efficacy (F(2; 1970)=10.27, P <0.005), and were more positive about the expected outcomes (F(4; 1968)=11.22, P <0.005). Conclusion: Although statistically significant, effect sizes observed between the two groups were small. Behavior change, however, is multi-determined. Over a period of time, even small differences may make a cumulative effect. Being successful in behavior change requires that the “new” behavior is implemented time after time until it becomes a habit. Therefore, having even slightly higher self-efficacy, positive outcome expectancies and intentions may over time result in considerably improved chances to achieve long-term lifestyle changes.
- Acute and two-week effects of neotame, stevia rebaudioside M and sucrose-sweetened biscuits on postprandial appetite and endocrine response in adults with overweight/obesity—a randomised crossover trial from the SWEET consortium(Elsevier, 2024) Wilton, M. (Moon); Gibbons, C. (Catherine); O'Hara, B. (Beverly); Scott, C. (Corey); Almiron-Roig, E. (Eva); Finlayson, G. (Graham); Harrold, J.A. (Joanne A.); Kjølbæk, L. (Louise); Le Bail, A. (Alain); Martínez, J. A. (J. Alfredo); Halford, J.C.G. (Jason C. G.); Raben, A. (Anne); Beaulieu, K. (Kristine); Rannou, C. (Cécile); Nazare, J.A. (Julie-Anne); Hardman, C.H. (Charlotte A.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); O'Connor, D. (Dominic); Moshoyiannis, H. (Hariklia)Background: Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SE) are used to replace energy yielding sugars and maintain sweet taste in a wide range of products, but controversy exists about their effects on appetite and endocrine responses in reduced or no added sugar solid foods. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the acute (1 day) and repeated (two-week daily) ingestive effects of 2 S&SE vs. sucrose formulations of biscuit with fruit filling on appetite and endocrine responses in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: In a randomised crossover trial, 53 healthy adults (33 female, 20 male) with overweight/obesity in England and France consumed biscuits with fruit filling containing 1) sucrose, or reformulated with either 2) Stevia Rebaudioside M (StRebM) or 3) Neotame daily during three, two-week intervention periods with a two-week washout. The primary outcome was composite appetite score defined as [desire to eat + hunger + (100 − fullness) + prospective consumption]/4. Findings: Each formulation elicited a similar reduction in appetite sensations (3-h postprandial net iAUC). Postprandial insulin (2-h iAUC) was lower after Neotame (95% CI (0.093, 0.166); p < 0.001; d = −0.71) and StRebM (95% CI (0.133, 0.205); p < 0.001; d = −1.01) compared to sucrose, and glucose was lower after StRebM (95% CI (0.023, 0.171); p < 0.05; d = −0.39) but not after Neotame (95% CI (−0.007, 0.145); p = 0.074; d = −0.25) compared to sucrose. There were no differences between S&SE or sucrose formulations on ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1 or pancreatic polypeptide iAUCs. No clinically meaningful differences between acute vs. two-weeks of daily consumption were found. Interpretation: In conclusion, biscuits reformulated to replace sugar using StRebM or Neotame showed no differences in appetite or endocrine responses, acutely or after a two-week exposure, but can reduce postprandial insulin and glucose response in adults with overweight or obesity. Funding: The present study was funded by the Horizon 2020 program: Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers: impact on health, obesity, safety and sustainability (acronym: SWEET, grant no: 774293).
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of gelesis100: A novel nonsystemic oral hydrogel for weight loss(Wiley, 2019) Gnessi, L. (Lucio); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Fujioka, K. (Ken); Luzi, L. (Livio); Zohar, Y. (Yishai); Sannino, A. (Alessandro); Heshmati, H.M. (Hassan M.); Apovian, C.M. (Caroline M.); Aronne, L.J. (Louis J.); Svacina, S. (Stephan); Hill, J.O. (James O.); Raben, A. (Anne); Saponaro, C. (Cosimo); Astrup, A. (Arne); Chiquette, E. (Elaine); Ron, E.S. (Eyal S.); Still, C.D. (Christopher D.); Greenway, F.L. (Frank L.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Matejkova, E. (Erika); Leider, H. (Harry); Urban, L.E. (Lorien E.); Kaplan, L.M. (Lee M.); Demitri, C. (Christian)Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Gelesis100, a novel, nonsystemic, superabsorbent hydrogel to treat overweight or obesity. Methods: The Gelesis Loss Of Weight (GLOW) study was a 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with BMI ≥ 27 and ≤ 40 kg/m2 and fasting plasma glucose ≥ 90 and ≤ 145 mg/dL. The co-primary end points were placebo-adjusted weight loss (superiority and 3% margin super-superiority) and at least 35% of patients in the Gelesis100 group achieving ≥ 5% weight loss. Results: Gelesis100 treatment caused greater weight loss over placebo (6.4% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.0007), achieving 2.1% superiority but not 3% super-superiority. Importantly, 59% of Gelesis100-treated patients achieved weight loss of ≥ 5%, and 27% achieved ≥ 10% versus 42% and 15% in the placebo group, respectively. Gelesis100-treated patients had twice the odds of achieving ≥ 5% and ≥ 10% weight loss versus placebo (adjusted OR: 2.0, P = 0.0008; OR: 2.1, P = 0.0107, respectively), with 5% responders having a mean weight loss of 10.2%. Patients with prediabetes or drug-naive type 2 diabetes had six times the odds of achieving ≥ 10% weight loss. Gelesis100 treatment had no apparent increased safety risks. Conclusions: Gelesis100 is a promising new nonsystemic therapy for overweight and obesity with a highly desirable safety and tolerability profile.
- Men and women respond differently to rapid weight loss: Metabolic outcomes of a multi-centre intervention study after a low-energy diet in 2500 overweight, individuals with pre-diabetes (PREVIEW)(Wiley, 2018) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Handjiev, S. (Svetoslav); Sando-Pedersen, F. (Finn); Brodie, S. (Shannon); Ritz, C. (Christian); Pastor-Sanz, L. (Laura); Brand-Miller, J. (Jennie); Westerterp-Plantenga, M. (Margriet); Pietiläinen, K.H. (Kirsi H.); Raben, A. (Anne); Handjieva-Darlenska, T. (Teodora); Silvestre, M.P. (Marta P.); Astrup, A. (Arne); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Taylor, M. (Moira); Sundvall, J. (Jouko); Huttunen-Lenz, M. (Maija); Drummen, M. (Mathijs); Fogelholm, M. (Mikael); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Hansen, S. (Sylvia); Meinert-Larsen, T. (Thomas); MacDonald, I. (Ian); Christensen, P. (Pia)Aims: The PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893) is, to date, the largest, multinational study concerning prevention of type-2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the initial, fixed low-energy diet (LED) would induce different metabolic outcomes in men vs women. Materials and methods: All participants followed a LED (3.4 MJ/810 kcal/daily) for 8 weeks (Cambridge Weight Plan). Participants were recruited from 8 sites in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Those eligible for inclusion were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 ) individuals with pre-diabetes according to ADA-criteria. Outcomes of interest included changes in insulin resistance, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and metabolic syndrome Z-score. Results: In total, 2224 individuals (1504 women, 720 men) attended the baseline visit and 2020 (90.8%) completed the follow-up visit. Following the LED, weight loss was 16% greater in men than in women (11.8% vs 10.3%, respectively) but improvements in insulin resistance were similar. HOMA-IR decreased by 1.50 ± 0.15 in men and by 1.35 ± 0.15 in women (ns). After adjusting for differences in weight loss, men had larger reductions in metabolic syndrome Z-score, C-peptide, FM and heart rate, while women had larger reductions in HDL cholesterol, FFM, hip circumference and pulse pressure. Following the LED, 35% of participants of both genders had reverted to normo-glycaemia. Conclusions: An 8-week LED induced different effects in women than in men. These findings are clinically important and suggest gender-specific changes after weight loss. It is important to investigate whether the greater decreases in FFM, hip circumference and HDL cholesterol in women after rapid weight loss compromise weight loss maintenance and future cardiovascular health.
- Higher protein intake is not associated with decreased kidney function in pre-diabetic older adults following a one-year intervention-a preview sub-study(MDPI, 2018) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Simpson, E. (Elizabeth); Andersen, J.R. (Jens Rikardt); Møller, G. (Grith); Swindell, N. (Nils); Ritz, C. (Christian); Mackintosh, K.A. (Kelly A.); Larsen, T.M. (Thomas M.); Raben, A. (Anne); Silvestre, M.P. (Marta P.); Jalo, E. (Elli); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); Taylor, M. (Moira); Dragsted, L.O. (Lars O.); Fogelholm, M. (Mikael); Poppitt, S.D. (Sally D.); Stratton, G. (Gareth); MacDonald, I. (Ian); Christensen, P. (Pia)Concerns about detrimental renal effects of a high-protein intake have been raised due to an induced glomerular hyperfiltration, since this may accelerate the progression of kidney disease. The aim of this sub-study was to assess the effect of a higher intake of protein on kidney function in pre-diabetic men and women, aged 55 years and older. Analyses were based on baseline and one-year data in a sub-group of 310 participants included in the PREVIEW project (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World). Protein intake was estimated from four-day dietary records and 24-hour urinary urea excretion. We used linear regression to assess the association between protein intake after one year of intervention and kidney function markers: creatinine clearance, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), urinary urea/creatinine ratio (UCR), serum creatinine, and serum urea before and after adjustments for potential confounders. A higher protein intake was associated with a significant increase in UCR (p = 0.03) and serum urea (p = 0.05) after one year. There were no associations between increased protein intake and creatinine clearance, eGFR, ACR, or serum creatinine. We found no indication of impaired kidney function after one year with a higher protein intake in pre-diabetic older adults.
- A rational review on the effects of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers on appetite, food reward and metabolic/adiposity outcomes in adults(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021) Gibbons, C. (Catherine); Almiron-Roig, E. (Eva); Finlayson, G. (Graham); Castelnuovo, G. (Gabriele); Raben, A. (Anne); Harrold, J. (Jo); Pang, M. (Michelle); Blaak, E.E. (Ellen E.); Navas-Carretero, S. (Santiago); O'Connor, D. (Dominic); Martinez, A. (Alfredo)Numerous strategies have been investigated to overcome the excessive weight gain that accompanies a chronic positive energy balance. Most approaches focus on a reduction of energy intake and the improvement of lifestyle habits. The use of high intensity artificial sweeteners, also known as non-caloric sweeteners (NCS), as sugar substitutes in foods and beverages, is rapidly developing. NCS are commonly defined as molecules with a sweetness profile of 30 times higher or more that of sucrose, scarcely contributing to the individual's net energy intake as they are hardly metabolized. The purpose of this review is first, to assess the impact of NCS on eating behaviour, including subjective appetite, food intake, food reward and sensory stimulation; and secondly, to assess the metabolic impact of NCS on body weight regulation, glucose homeostasis and gut health. The evidence reviewed suggests that while some sweeteners have the potential to increase subjective appetite, these effects do not translate in changes in food intake. This is supported by a large body of empirical evidence advocating that the use of NCS facilitates weight management when used alongside other weight management strategies. On the other hand, although NCS are very unlikely to impair insulin metabolism and glycaemic control, some studies suggest that NCS could have putatively undesirable effects, through various indirect mechanisms, on body weight, glycemia, adipogenesis and the gut microbiota; however there is insufficient evidence to determine the degree of such effects. Overall, the available data suggests that NCS can be used to facilitate a reduction in dietary energy content without significant negative effects on food intake behaviour or body metabolism, which would support their potential role in the prevention of obesity as a complementary strategy to other weight management approaches. More research is needed to determine the impact of NCS on metabolic health, in particular gut microbiota.