Barazesh, A. (Afshin)

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    Highlighting the interplay of microRNAs from Leishmania parasites and infected-host cells
    (Cambridge University Press, 2021) Carrera-Silva, E.A. (Eugenio Antonio); Ali-Hassanzadeh, M. (Mohammad); Ghani, E. (Esmaeel); Karimazar, M. (Mohammadreza); Mansouri, R. (Reza); Barazesh, A. (Afshin); Nguewa, P.A. (Paul Alain); Rashidi, S. (Sajad)
    Leishmania parasites, the causative agents of leishmaniasis, are protozoan parasites with the ability to modify the signalling pathway and cell responses of their infected host cells. These parasite strategies alter the host cell environment and conditions favouring their replication, survival and pathogenesis. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are able to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression processes, these biomolecules can exert critical roles in controlling Leishmania-host cell interplay. Therefore, the identification of relevant miRNAs differentially expressed in Leishmania parasites as well as in infected cells, which affect the host fitness, could be critical to understand the infection biology, pathogenicity and immune response against these parasites. Accordingly, the current review aims to address the differentially expressed miRNAs in both, the parasite and infected host cells and how these biomolecules change cell signalling and host immune responses during infection. A deep understanding of these processes could provide novel guidelines and therapeutic strategies for managing and treating leishmaniasis.
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    Potential therapeutic targets shared between leishmaniasis and cancer
    (Cambridge University Press, 2021) Shafiei, R. (Reza); Ali-Hassanzadeh, M. (Mohammad); Hatam, G. (Gholamreza); Karimazar, M. (Mohammadreza); Mansouri, R. (Reza); Manzano-Román, R. (Raúl); Barazesh, A. (Afshin); Fernández-Rubio, C. (Celia); Nguewa, P.A. (Paul Alain); Rashidi, S. (Sajad)
    The association of leishmaniasis and malignancies in human and animal models has been highlighted in recent years. The misdiagnosis of coexistence of leishmaniasis and cancer and the use of common drugs in the treatment of such diseases prompt us to further survey the molecular biology of Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The information regarding common expressed proteins, as possible therapeutic targets, in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells is scarce. Therefore, the current study reviews proteins, and investigates the regulation and functions of several key proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The up- and down-regulations of such proteins were mostly related to survival, development, pathogenicity, metabolic pathways and vital signalling in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The presence of common expressed proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells reveals valuable information regarding the possible shared mechanisms of pathogenicity and opportunities for therapeutic targeting in leishmaniasis and cancers in the future.