Pardo, M. (M.)
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- Association between circulating irisin levels and the promotion of insulin resistance during the weight maintenance period after a dietary weight-lowering program in obese patients(WB Saunders, 2014) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Casanueva, F.F. (Felipe F.); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Pardo, M. (M.); Carreira, M.C. (Marcos C.); Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.); Lopez-Legarrea, P. (Patricia); Iglesia, R. (Rocío) de laObjective. Weight regain is associated with the promotion of insulin resistance. The newly discovered myokine irisin, which was proposed to be involved in the management of insulin sensitivity, could play a role in this process. This study aimed to investigate the association between irisin and reduced insulin sensitivity induced by weight regain. Materials/Methods. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated according to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 136 obese patients who followed an eight-week hypocaloric diet (30% reduced energy expenditure) to lose weight and were re-evaluated four or six months after treatment. Irisin plasma levels, as well as the levels of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and TNF-α, were quantified in a sub-cohort (n=73) from the initially studied patients at baseline (T0), at the diet endpoint (T1) and after the follow-up period (T2). Results. After a successful dietary intervention to lose weight, 50% of the patients who regained the lost weight during the follow-up period were categorized as insulin resistant (HOMA-IR≥2.5) compared with only 25% of patients who maintained the weight loss (p=0.018). Importantly, in addition to the well-studied hormones leptin and adiponectin, irisin plasma levels were statistically associated with several risk factors for insulin resistance. Indeed, the increased risk of insulin resistance during the follow-up period was related to high irisin levels at baseline (odds ratio=4.2; p=0.039). Conclusions. Circulating irisin predicts the insulin resistance onset in association with weight regain. Therefore, irisin could be secreted as an adaptive response to counteract the deleterious effect of excess adiposity on glucose homeostasis.
- Plasma irisin depletion under energy restriction is associated with improvements in lipid profile in metabolic syndrome patients(Wiley, 2014) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Casanueva, F.F. (Felipe F.); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Pardo, M. (M.); Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.); Lopez-Legarrea, P. (Patricia); Iglesia, R. (Rocío) de laObjective A recently discovered myokine, irisin, may have an important role in energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between this hormone and the lipid profile of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) patients following a hypocaloric diet. Design Ninety-three Caucasian adults (52 men/41 women) diagnosed with MetS followed an 8-week-long energy restricted programme (-30% of the energy requirements). Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers and plasma irisin levels were analysed before and after the nutritional intervention. Results Global plasma irisin levels were significantly reduced at the end of the study (-72•0 ± 100•9 ng/mL, p < 0•001) accompanying the weight loss (-6•9%). The depletion of irisin significantly correlated with changes in some atherogenic-related variables: total cholesterol (B = 0•106, p = 0•018), total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (B = 0•002, p = 0•036), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (B = 0•085, p = 0•037) and apolipoprotein B (B = 0•052, p = 0•002), independently of changes in body weight. Conclusions An association between the reduction of plasma irisin levels and the depletion of important lipid metabolism biomarkers was observed in patients with MetS undergoing an energy restricted programme.
- Association of irisin with fat mass, resting energy expenditure, and daily activity in conditions of extreme body mass index(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Fernandez-Garcia, J.C. (José C.); Fagundo, A.B. (Ana B.); Casanueva, F.F. (Felipe F.); Amil, M. (María); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Torre, R. (Rafael) de la; Pardo, M. (M.); Frühbeck, G. (Gema); Estivill, X. (Xavier); Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.); Rodriguez, R. (Roser); Baños, R. (Rosa); Agüera, Z. (Zaida); Jimenez-Murcia, S. (Susana); Gomez-Ambrosi, J. (Javier); Botella, C. (Cristina); Fernandez-Aranda, F. (Fernando); Fernandez-Real, J.M. (José Manuel)FNDC5/irisin has been recently postulated as beneficial in the treatment of obesity and diabetes because it is induced in muscle by exercise, increasing energy expenditure. However, recent reports have shown that WAT also secretes irisin and that circulating irisin is elevated in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate irisin levels in conditions of extreme BMI and its correlation with basal metabolism and daily activity. The study involved 145 female patients, including 96 with extreme BMIs (30 anorexic (AN) and 66 obese (OB)) and 49 healthy normal weight (NW). The plasma irisin levels were significantly elevated in the OB patients compared with the AN and NW patients. Irisin also correlated positively with body weight, BMI, and fat mass. The OB patients exhibited the highest REE and higher daily physical activity compared with the AN patients but lower activity compared with the NW patients. The irisin levels were inversely correlated with daily physical activity and directly correlated with REE. Fat mass contributed to most of the variability of the irisin plasma levels independently of the other studied parameters. Conclusion. Irisin levels are influenced by energy expenditure independently of daily physical activity but fat mass is the main contributing factor.
- Higher baseline irisin concentrations are associated with greater reductions in glycemia and insulinemia after weight loss in obese subjects(Nature Publishing Group, 2014) Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Casanueva, F.F. (Felipe F.); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Pardo, M. (M.); Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.); Lopez-Legarrea, P. (Patricia); Iglesia, R. (Rocío) de laIrisin is assumed to be a relevant link between muscle and weight maintenance as well as to mediate exercise benefits on health. The aim of this study was to assess the possible associations between irisin levels and glucose homeostasis in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) following an energy-restricted treatment. Ninety-six adults with excessive body weight and MetS features underwent a hypocaloric dietary pattern for 8 weeks, within the RESMENA randomized controlled trial (www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01087086). After the intervention, dietary restriction significantly reduced body weight and evidenced a dietary-induced decrease in circulating levels of irisin in parallel with improvements on glucose homeostasis markers. Interestingly, participants with higher irisin values at baseline (above the median) showed a greater reduction on glucose (P=0.022) and insulin (P=0.021) concentrations as well as on the homeostasis model assessment index (P=0.008) and triglycerides (P=0.006) after the dietary intervention, compared with those presenting low-irisin baseline values (below the median). Interestingly, a positive correlation between irisin and carbohydrate intake was found at the end of the experimental period. In conclusion, irisin appears to be involved in glucose metabolism regulation after a dietary-induced weight loss.