Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo)
- Publications
- item.page.relationships.isContributorAdvisorOfPublication
- item.page.relationships.isContributorOfPublication
6 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
- Mortality prediction of the nutrient profile of the Chilean front-of-pack warning labels: Results from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra prospective cohort study(2022) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Gómez-Donoso, C. (Clara); Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen); Bullón-Vela, M. V. (María Vanessa)Background and aimsFront-of-Pack (FoP) nutrition labelling has been established as a policy, empowering consumers to choose healthy food options for preventing diet-related non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the nutrient profile underlying the Chilean warning label score and all-cause mortality and to conduct a calibration with the Nutri-Score in a large cohort of Spanish university graduates. Materials and methodsThis prospective cohort study analysed 20,666 participants (8,068 men and 12,598 women) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 38 years (+/- 12.4) from the SUN cohort. Dietary food intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire at baseline and after 10 years of follow-up. The warning label score was calculated by considering the threshold of nutrients (sugar, saturated fat, and sodium) and energy density per 100 g/ml of product, as established by Chilean Legislation. Participants were classified according to quartiles of consumption of daily label score: Q1 (<= 5.0), Q2 (>5.0-7.1), Q3 (>7.1-9.8), and Q4 (>9.8). Time-dependent, multivariable-adjusted Cox models were applied. To compare the performance of the warning label score and Nutri-Score to predict mortality, we used the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) methods. ResultsDuring a median of 12.2 years of follow-up, 467 deaths were identified. A higher score in the warning label values (lower nutritional quality) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR (95% CI) Q4 vs. Q1: 1.51 (1.07-2.13); p-trend = 0.010] and cancer mortality [HR (95% CI) Q4 vs. Q1: 1.91 (1.18-3.10); p-trend = 0.006]. However, no statistically significant association was found for cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, the warning label score and Nutri-Score exhibited comparable AIC and BIC values, showing similar power of prediction for mortality. ConclusionA diet with a higher warning label score (>9.8 per day) was a good predictor of all cases and cancer mortality in a large Spanish cohort of university graduates. Also, the warning label score was capable to predict mortality as well as the Nutri-Score. Our findings support the validity of the warning label score as a FoP nutrition labelling policy since it can highlight less healthy food products.
- The Mediterranean diet and physical activity: better together than apart for the prevention of premature mortality(2022) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Hershey-de-la-Cruz, M.S. (María Soledad); Álvarez-Álvarez, I. (Ismael)Diet and physical activity (PA) have been studied extensively in epidemiology as single or combined lifestyle factors; however, their interaction has not been studied thoroughly. Studying potential synergisms between lifestyle components with a comprehensive interaction analysis, including additive measures of interaction, provides key insights into the nature of their joint effect and helps target interventions more effectively. First, a comprehensive review was conducted to assess the potential research gap regarding reported interaction analyses conducted in studies assessing the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in combination with PA on all-cause mortality. Thereafter, we prospectively assessed the joint association of the MedDiet with PA on all-cause mortality in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort, followed by both multiplicative and additive interaction analyses. The conjoint effect of low adherence to the MedDiet and low PA observed an increased risk greater than the individual risk factors, suggesting a potential additive interaction or synergism between both exposures, with relative risk due to interaction (RERI) and (95 % confidence interval (95 % CI)) = 0.46 (-0.83 to 1.75) and attributable proportion (95 % CI) due to interaction of 36 % (-0.62, 1.34). No multiplicative interaction was detected. Studying interactions between lifestyle factors, such as the MedDiet and PA, is particularly relevant given the current research gaps in studying the complexities of combined aspects of lifestyle in comparison with isolated behaviours. Our findings underline the important public health message of adhering to both the MedDiet and PA for the prevention of premature mortality.
- Prevalence of physical activity during leisure time in the European Union(2001) Santos, J.L. (José Luis); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Gibney, M. (Michael); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Irala, J. (Jokin) de; Kearney, J. (J.); Varo-Cenarruzabeitia, J.J. (José Javier)Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of physical activity during leisure time in adults from the 15 member states of the European Union and the relationship with sociodemographic variables. Methods: A representative sample, with approximately 1000 adults, aged 15 and upward, was selected from each member state to complete a questionnaire on attitudes to physical activity, body weight, and health by a face-to-face interview, summing a total of 15,239 subjects. The amount of leisure-time physical activity was quantified by assigning metabolic equivalents (METs) to each activity. Multiple linear regression models with MET-h.wk(-1) as the dependent variable were fitted. Results: Northern European countries showed higher levels of physical activity than southern ones. The highest prevalence (91.9%) was found in Finland, and the lowest (40.7%) in Portugal. A higher percentage of men practiced any leisure-time physical activity and also showed higher mean of MET-h.wk(-1). In both genders, the multivariate models showed a significant trend to higher leisure time activity in participants with higher educational levels and in nonsmokers. Also, an inverse association between body mass index and leisure-time physical activity was found. Conclusion: The prevalence of any physical activity during leisure time in the adult European population was similar to the U.S. estimates. Nevertheless, the amount of activity is low, and a wide disparity between countries exists. To our knowledge, this is the first study determining the prevalence and amount of leisure-time physical activity, which is the first step to define strategies to persuade populations to increase their physical activity.
- Ultra-processed foods consumption as a promoting factor of greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy, and land use: A longitudinal assessment(2023) Buil, P. (Pilar); Castañer, O. (Olga); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); González-Palacios, S. (Sandra); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Pastor, R. (Rosario); Alvarez-Alvarez, L. (Laura); Tojal-Sierra, L. (Lucas); Martín-Sánchez, V. (Vicente); Gonzalez, J.I. (José I.); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Shyam, S. (Sangeetha); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Matía-Martín, P. (Pilar); Bouzas, C. (Cristina); Rubín-García, M. (María); Delgado-Rodriguez, M. (Miguel); López-Miranda, J. (José); Coltell, O. (Oscar); Khoury, N. (Nadine); Perez, K.A. (Karla Alejandra); Ros, E. (Emili); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Santos-Lozano, J.M. (José M.); Barcelo, C.; Bernal-Lopez, M. R; Casas, R.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Goicolea-Guemez, L.; Gomez-Gracia, E.; Konieczna, J.; Masso-Guijarro, P.; Zulet-Alzórriz, M. (María de los Ángeles); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Zomeño-Fajardo, M.D. (Maria Dolores); Martinez-Rodriguez, M.A. (Maria Angeles); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Pena-Orihuela, P.J. (Patricia J.); Cano-Ibañez, N. (Naomi); Monserrat-Mesquida, M. (Margalida); Garcia, S. (Silvia)Background: Dietary patterns can produce an environmental impact. Changes in people's diet, such as the increased consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) can not only influence human health but also environment sustainability. Objectives: Assessment of the impact of 2-year changes in UPF consumption on greenhouse gas emissions and water, energy and land use. Design: A 2-year longitudinal study after a dietary intervention including 5879 participants from a Southern European population between the ages of 55-75 years with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Food intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire, which allowed classifying foods according to the NOVA system. In addition, sociodemographic data, Mediterranean diet adherence, and physical activity were obtained from validated questionnaires. Greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy and land use were cal-culated by means of the Agribalyse & REG; 3.0.1 database of environmental impact indicators for food items. Changes in UPF consumption during a 2-year period were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using computed General Lin-ear Models. Results: Participants with major reductions in their UPF consumption reduced their impact by -0.6 kg of CO2eq and -5.3 MJ of energy. Water use was the only factor that increased as the percentage of UPF was reduced. Conclusions: Low consumption of ultra-processed foods may contribute to environmental sustainability. The processing level of the consumed food should be considered not only for nutritional advice on health but also for environmental protection. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 05 September 2013, http://www.isrctn.com/ ISRCTN89898870.
- Implicación de la IL-6 y su polimorfismo -174G>C en el control del peso corporal y en las complicaciones metabólicas asociadas a la obesidad(2005) Parra, M.D. (M. D.); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Goyenechea, E. (Estíbaliz)La obesidad y sus comorbilidades se han relacionado con un estado proinflamatorio de bajo grado, en el que el tejido adiposo parece estar implicado. De hecho, el adipocito secreta diferentes citoquinas proinflamatorias, como la IL-6, entre otras. En efecto, las concentraciones elevadas de IL-6 se han asociado con elevados índices de masa corporal, con la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, con dislipemias y con la hipertensión arterial. La implicación de la IL-6 en la homeostasis energética está ampliamente documentada, de forma que su posible relación con el desarrollo de obesidad podría estar mediada por las acciones de esta citoquina y en función del polimorfismo -174G>C presente en el genoma. Diferentes investigaciones han señalado la relación del alelo G del gen de la IL-6 con la obesidad, la resistencia a la insulina y diferentes factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Sin embargo, también se han publicado estudios que han asociado estos procesos patológicos con el alelo C de este gen. El presente trabajo revisa los datos publicados recientemente sobre la IL-6 y sus implicaciones fisiopatológicas en la ganancia de peso, con el fin de profundizar en el conocimiento que se dispone del polimorfismo -174G>C en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad, así como de las complicaciones para las cuales la obesidad supone uno de los factores de riesgo más relevantes.
- Forecasting levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D based on dietary intake, lifestyle and personal determinants in a sample of Southern Europeans(Cambridge University Press, 2023) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Martínez-Hernández, J.A. (J. Alfredo); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Barcones-Molero, (M.F.) María Fé; Pérez-de-Rojas, J. (Javier); Valer-Martínez, A. (Ana); Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen)Vitamin D is an essential nutrient to be consumed in the habitual dietary intake, whose deficiency is associated with various disturbances. This study represents a validation of vitamin D status estimation using a semi-quantitative FFQ, together with data from additional physical activity and lifestyle questionnaires. This information was combined to forecast the serum vitamin D status. Different statistical methods were applied to estimate the vitamin D status using predictors based on diet and lifestyle. Serum vitamin D was predicted using linear regression (with leave-one-out cross-validation) and random forest models. Intraclass correlation coefficients, Lin's agreement coefficients, Bland-Altman plots and other methods were used to assess the accuracy of the predicted v. observed serum values. Data were collected in Spain. A total of 220 healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 78 years were included in this study. They completed validated questionnaires and agreed to provide blood samples to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. The common final predictors in both models were age, sex, sunlight exposure, vitamin D dietary intake (as assessed by the FFQ), BMI, time spent walking, physical activity and skin reaction after sun exposure. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the prediction was 0·60 (95 % CI: 0·52, 0·67; P < 0·001) using the random forest model. The magnitude of the correlation was moderate, which means that our estimation could be useful in future epidemiological studies to establish a link between the predicted 25(OH)D values and the occurrence of several clinical outcomes in larger cohorts.