Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida)
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- Egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease in the sun project(Nature Publishing Group, 2011) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Zazpe, I. (Itziar); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Benito-Corchon, S. (Silvia); Beunza, J.J. (Juan José); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida)Background/Objective: Egg consumption has been associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but evidence is scarce and inconsistent. Our aim was to examine the association between egg consumption and incidence of CVD in a prospective dynamic Mediterranean cohort of 14 185 university graduates. Subjects/Methods: Egg intake was assessed using a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire. The baseline consumption was categorized into no consumption or <1/week, 1/week, 2-4/week, and >4/week. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors was assessed by questionnaire at baseline and the incidence of CVD was assessed using biennial assessments. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for CVD (myocardial infarction, revascularization procedures or stroke). Outcomes were confirmed by review of medical records. Results: During a median follow-up of 6.1 years, 91 new confirmed cases of CVD were observed. No association was found between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.46-2.63) for the highest vs. the lowest category of egg consumption) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results were robust to different analytical scenarios Conclusions: No association between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD was found in this Mediterranean cohort.
- Factors associated with successful dietary changes in an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet intervention: a longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-plus trial(Springer, 2022) Buil-Cosiales, P. (Pilar); Castañer, O. (Olga); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Oncina-Canovas, A. (Alejandro); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Garcia-Rios, A. (Antonio); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Tojal-Sierra, L. (Lucas); Martín-Sánchez, V. (Vicente); Pérez-Farinós, N. (Napoleón); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); García-Gavilán, J.F. (Jesús F.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Moñino, M. (Manuel); Ortega-Azorin, C. (Carolina); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Becerra-Tomas, N. (Nerea); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Muralidharan, J. (Jananee); San-Julián-Aranguren, B. (Beatriz); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Sacanella, E. (Emilio); Lapetra, J. (José); Matía-Martín, P. (Pilar); Bueno-Cavanillas, A. (Aurora); Schröder, H. (Helmut); Delgado-Rodriguez, M. (Miguel); López-Miranda, J. (José); Goicolea-Güemez, L. (Leire); Razquin, C. (Cristina); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ruiz-Canela, M. (Miguel); Fernández-Lázaro, C.I. (César I.); Goday, A. (Albert); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Santos-Lozano, J.M. (José M.); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Sorli, J.V. (Jose V.); Bernal-López, M.R. (María Rosa)Purpose Long-term nutrition trials may fail to respond to their original hypotheses if participants do not comply with the intended dietary intervention. We aimed to identify baseline factors associated with successful dietary changes towards an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in the PREDIMED-Plus randomized trial. Methods Longitudinal analysis of 2985 participants (Spanish overweight/obese older adults with metabolic syndrome) randomized to the active intervention arm of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Dietary changes were assessed with a 17-item energyreduced MedDiet questionnaire after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Successful compliance was defned as dietary changes from baseline of≥5 points for participants with baseline scores<13 points or any increase if baseline score was≥13 points. We conducted crude and adjusted multivariable logistic regression models to identify baseline factors related to compliance. Results Consistent factors independently associated with successful dietary change at both 6 and 12 months were high baseline perceived self-efcacy in modifying diet (OR6-month: 1.51, 95% CI 1.25–1.83; OR12-month: 1.66, 95% CI 1.37–2.01), higher baseline fber intake (OR6-month: 1.62, 95% CI 1.07–2.46; OR12-month: 1.62, 95% CI 1.07–2.45), having>3 chronic conditions (OR6-month: 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.79; OR12-month: 0.76, 95% CI 0.62–0.93), and sufering depression (OR6-month: 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–0.99; OR12-month: 0.71, 95% CI 0.57–0.88). Conclusion Our results suggested that recruitment of individuals with high perceived self-efcacy to dietary change, and those who initially follow diets relatively richer in fber may lead to greater changes in nutritional recommendations. Participants with multiple chronic conditions, specifcally depression, should receive specifc tailored interventions.
- Effect of dietary phenolic compounds on incidence of type 2 diabetes in the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) cohort(2023) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Vitelli-Storelli, F. (Facundo); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Basterra-Gortari, F.J. (Francisco Javier)The global incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been steadily increasing in recent decades. The Mediterranean dietary pattern has shown a preventive effect on the risk of T2D. Evaluating the association between bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds (PC) in a Mediterranean cohort could help to better understand the mechanisms implicated in this protection. We evaluated the association between dietary intake of PC and the risk of T2D in a relatively young cohort of 17,821 Spanish participants initially free of T2D, through the University of Navarra Follow-up Project (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra or SUN cohort) after 10 years of median follow-up using time-dependent Cox models. Intake of PC was estimated at baseline and repeatedly at 10-year follow-up using a 136-item validated food frequency and the Phenol-Explorer database. The incidence of T2D was identified by a biennial follow-up, and only medically confirmed cases were included. During 224,751 person-years of follow-up, 186 cases of T2D were confirmed. A suboptimal intake of stilbenes was independently associated with a higher risk of T2D in subjects over 50 years (HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.06-2.90, p value < 0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders. Our results suggest that a moderate-high intake of stilbenes can decrease the risk of developing T2D in subjects over 50 years in our cohort.
- Increase from low to moderate, but not high, caffeinated coffee consumption is associated with favorable changes in body fat(2023) Babio, N. (Nancy); Buil-Cosiales, P. (Pilar); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Hu, F.B. (Frank B.); Konieczna, J. (Jadwiga); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Fernández-Villa, T. (Tania); Schröder, H. (Helmut); Razquin, C. (Cristina); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Henn, M. (Matthias); Abete, I. (Itziar); Vidal, J. (Josep); Martin, V. (Vicente); Torres-Collado, L. (Laura)
- Mediterranean diet and quality of life: baseline cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-PLUS trial(PLOS, 2018) Babio, N. (Nancy); Buil-Cosiales, P. (Pilar); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Galilea-Zabalza, I. (Iñigo); González-Palacios, S. (Sandra); Garcia-Rios, A. (Antonio); Delgado, A. (Alba); Fito, M. (Montserrat); Pérez-Farinós, N. (Napoleón); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Ortega-Azorin, C. (Carolina); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Diez-Espino, J. (Javier); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Vázquez, C. (Clotilde); Zomeño, M.D. (María Dolores); Bueno-Cavanillas, A. (Aurora); Muñoz, M.A. (Miguel Angel); Delgado-Rodriguez, M. (Miguel); López-Miranda, J. (José); Matia, P. (Pilar); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ortega-Calvo, M. (Manuel); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Diaz-Lopez, A. (Andres); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Abete, I. (Itziar); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Aros, F. (Fernando)We assessed if a 17-item score capturing adherence to a traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was associated with better health-related quality of life among older Spanish men and women with overweight or obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. We analyzed baseline data from 6430 men and women (age 55–70 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus study. PREDIMED-Plus is a multi-centre randomized trial testing an energyrestricted MedDiet combined with promotion of physical activity and behavioral therapy for primary cardiovascular prevention compared to a MedDiet alone. Participants answered a 36-item questionnaire about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and a 17-item questionnaire that assessed adherence to an MedDiet. We used ANCOVA and multivariableadjusted linear regression models to compare baseline adjusted means of the quality of life scales according to categories of adherence to the MedDiet. Higher adherence to the MedDiet was independently associated with significantly better scores in the eight dimensions of HRQoL. Adjusted differences of > = 3 points between the highest and the lowest dietary adherence groups to the MedDiet were observed for vitality, emotional role, and mental health and of > = 2 points for the other dimensions. In conclusion, this study shows a positive association between adherence to a MedDiet and several dimensions of quality of life.
- Egg consumption and dyslipidemia in a Mediterranean cohort(Aran, 2018) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Zazpe, I. (Itziar); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Santiago, S. (Susana); Razquin, C. (Cristina); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida)Introduction and objectives: Our aim was to prospectively evaluate the association between egg consumption and dyslipidemia in a Mediterranean cohort. Methods: We followed-up 13,104 Spanish university graduates for a mean period of 8 years. Dietary habits at baseline were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire. Self-reported blood concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglycerides were evaluated according to categories of egg consumption after 6 and 8 years of follow-up. We also assessed the association between baseline egg consumption and the incidence of hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-c concentrations and hypertriglyceridemia during follow-up. Results: We observed a significant inverse association for intermediate levels of egg consumption (2 to 4 eggs/week vs. less than 1 egg/week) and hypertriglyceridemia with OR = 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54 to 0.93, p < 0.05) in the multivariable-adjusted model. Using HDL-c values after 8-year follow-up, we found an association between higher egg consumption and lower HDL-c levels (p for trend = 0.02) with an adjusted difference of –4.01 mg/dl (-7.42 to -0.61) for > 4 vs. < 1 egg/week. Lower means of triglycerides were found in each of the three upper categories of egg consumption compared to the lowest category (< 1 egg/week) with significant results for some of these categories both after 6 and 8 year follow-up. Conclusions: Our data do not support that higher egg consumption was associated with abnormal blood levels of total cholesterol or triglycerides; an inverse association with HDL-c as a quantitative variable was found only in one of our analyses.
- Lifestyle factors and visceral adipose tissue: Results from the PREDIMED-PLUS study(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019) Babio, N. (Nancy); Buil-Cosiales, P. (Pilar); Fiol, M. (Miquel); Rosique-Esteban, N. (Nuria); Konieczna, J. (Jadwiga); Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Colom, A. (Antoni); Toledo, E. (Estefanía); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Paz, J.A. (José Antonio) de; Vera, J. (Josep); Galmes-Panades, A.M. (Aina M.); Casas, R. (Rosa); Goday, A. (Albert); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Martinez, A. (Alfredo); Abete, I. (Itziar); Vidal, J. (Josep); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); PREDIMED-PLUS InvestigatorsBackground: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a strong predictor of cardiometabolic health, and lifestyle factors may have a positive influence on VAT depot. This study aimed to assess the cross-sectional associations between baseline levels of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviours (SB) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with VAT depot in older individuals with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Methods: Baseline data of the PREDIMED-Plus study including a sample of 1,231 Caucasian men and women aged 55-75 years were used. Levels of leisure-time PA (total, light, and moderate-to-vigorous, in METs·min/day) and SB (total and TV-viewing, in h/day) were evaluated using validated questionnaires. Adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated using a 17-item energy-restricted MedDiet (erMedDiet) screener. The chair-stand test was used to estimate the muscle strength. VAT depot was assessed with DXA-CoreScan. Multivariable adjusted linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between lifestyle factors and VAT. For the statistics we had used multiadjusted linear regression models. Results: Total leisure-time PA (100 METs·min/day: β -24.3g, -36.7;-11.9g), moderate-to-vigorous PA (β -27.8g, 95% CI -40.8;-14.8g), chair-stand test (repeat: β -11.5g, 95% CI -20.1;-2.93g) were inversely associated, and total SB (h/day: β 38.2g, 95% CI 14.7;61.7) positively associated with VAT. Light PA, TV-viewing time and adherence to an erMedDiet were not significantly associated with VAT. Conclusions: In older adults with overweigh/obesity and metabolic syndrome, greater PA, muscle strength, and lower total SB were associated with less VAT depot. In this study, adherence to an erMedDiet was not associated with lower VAT.
- Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of developing diabetes: prospective cohort study(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2008) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Benito-Corchon, S. (Silvia); Beunza, J.J. (Juan José); Tortosa, A. (A.); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Basterra-Gortari, F.J. (Francisco Javier); Nuñez-Cordoba, J.M. (Jorge M.)Objective To assess the relation between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and the incidence of diabetes among initially healthy participants. Design Prospective cohort study with estimates of relative risk adjusted for sex, age, years of university education, total energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, sedentary habits, smoking, family history of diabetes, and personal history of hypertension. Setting Spanish university department. Participants 13 380 Spanish university graduates without diabetes at baseline followed up for a median of 4.4 years. Main outcome measures Dietary habits assessed at baseline with a validated 136 item food frequency questionnaire and scored on a nine point index. New cases of diabetes confirmed through medical reports and an additional detailed questionnaire posted to those who self reported a new diagnosis of diabetes by a doctor during follow-up. Confirmed cases of type 2 diabetes. Results Participants who adhered closely to a Mediterranean diet had a lower risk of diabetes. The incidence rate ratios adjusted for sex and age were 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.19 to 0.87) for those with moderate adherence (score 3-6) and 0.17 (0.04 to 0.75) for those with the highest adherence (score 7-9) compared with those with low adherence (score <3). In the fully adjusted analyses the results were similar. A two point increase in the score was associated with a 35% relative reduction in the risk of diabetes (incidence rate ratio 0.65, 0.44 to 0.95), with a significant inverse linear trend (P=0.04) in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of diabetes.
- Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a mediterranean cohort: the SUN project(BioMed Central, 2014) Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Fuente-Arrillaga, C. (Carmen) de la; Zazpe, I. (Itziar); Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira); Benito-Corchon, S. (Silvia); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida)Background To evaluate prospectively the relationship between white, or whole grain bread, and glycemic index, or glycemic load from diet and weight change in a Mediterranean cohort. Methods We followed-up 9 267 Spanish university graduates for a mean period of 5 years. Dietary habits at baseline were assessed using a semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire. Average yearly weight change was evaluated according to quintiles of baseline glycemic index, glycemic load, and categories of bread consumption. We also assessed the association between bread consumption, glycemic index, or glycemic load, and the incidence of overweight/obesity. Results White bread and whole-grain bread were not associated with higher weight gain. No association between glycemic index, glycemic load and weight change was found. White bread consumption was directly associated with a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese (adjusted OR (≥2 portions /day) versus (≤1 portion /week): 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81; p for trend: 0.008). However, no statistically significant association was observed between whole-grain bread, glycemic index or glycemic load and overweight/obesity. Conclusions Consumption of white bread (≥2 portions /day) showed a significant direct association with the risk of becoming overweight/obese.
- Physical fitness and physical activity association with cognitive function and quality of life: baseline cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus trial(Springer Nature, 2020) Buil-Cosiales, P. (Pilar); Colmenarejo, G. (Gonzalo); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel); Micó-Pérez, R.M. (Rafael Manuel); Galilea-Zabalza, I. (Iñigo); Garcia-Rios, A. (Antonio); Daimiel, L. (Lidia); Tinahones, F.J. (Francisco J.); Vioque, J. (Jesús); Torre, R. (Rafael) de la; Zulet, M.A. (María Ángeles); Tur, J.A. (Josep A.); Romaguera, D. (Dora); Lapetra, J. (José); Paz-Graniel, I. (Indira); Schröder, H. (Helmut); López-Miranda, J. (José); Galdon, A. (Alba); Galmes-Panades, A.M. (Aina M.); Matia, P. (Pilar); Ros, E. (Emilio); Ordovas, J.M. (Jose Manuel); Micó, V. (Victor); Alonso-Gomez, A. (Ángel); Wärnberg, J. (Julia); Estruch, R. (Ramón); Vazquez-Ruiz, Z. (Zenaida); Diaz-Lopez, A. (Andres); Gaforio, J.J. (José Juan); Serra-Majem, L. (Luis); Corella, D. (Dolores); Vidal, J. (Josep); Pinto, X. (Xavier); Salas-Salvado, J. (Jordi); Cano-Ibañez, N. (Naomi); Sorli, J.V. (Jose V.); Cuenca-Royo, A. (Aida); Gisbert-Sellés, C. (Cristina)Physical activity (PA) has been hypothesized to be effective to maintaining cognitive function and delay cognitive decline in the elderly, but physical fitness (PF) could be a better predictor of cognitive function. We aimed to study the association between PA and PF with cognitive function and quality of life using cross-sectional data from 6874 participants of the PREDIMED-Plus trial (64.9 ± 4.9 years, 48.5% female). PF and PA were measured with a Chair Stand Test, the REGICOR and Rapid Assessment Physical Activity questionnaires. Cognitive function was measured with Mini-mental State Examination, Control Oral Word Association Test, Trail Making Test and Digit Span tests; whereas health-related quality of life was assessed with the SF36-HRQL test. Cognitive and quality of life scores were compared among PF quartiles and PA levels (low, moderate and high) with ANCOVA and with Chair Stand repetitions and energy expenditure from total PA with multivariable linear regression adjusted for confounding factors. PF associated with higher scores in phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests and with lower TMT A time. However, PA was not associated with the neurocognitive parameters evaluated. Both PF and PA levels were strongly associated with a better quality of life. We concluded that PF, but not PA, is associated with a better cognitive function. This trial was retrospectively registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN89898870, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870?q=ISRCTN89898870&filters=&sort=&offset=1&totalResults=1&page=1&pageSize=10&searchType=basic-search) on 07/24/2014.